Lect 7 - Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

What does the ANS do

Answer 1

Regulate temperature

Coordinates function

Question 2

Somatic vs ANS (Neurons)

Answer 2

Somatic has one single neuron from CNS to effector (Skeletal)

ANS has preganglionic neuron and postganglionic neuron between CNS and effector (Muscle, Glands)

Question 3

Somatic vs ANS (Excitatory/Inhibitory)

Answer 3

Somatic can only be excitatory

ANS can be excitatory and inhibitory

Question 4

What are the three horns of the spinal cord

Answer 4

Dorsal (Back)
Lateral
Ventral (Front)

Question 5

What roots fuse to form Spinal Nerve

Answer 5

Dorsal and Ventral

Question 6

What bone protects the spinal cord

Answer 6

Vertebral Bone

Question 7

From top to bottom list the segments of the spinal cord

Answer 7

Brainstem
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal

Question 8

What segments of the spinal cord are part of the sympathetic

Answer 8

Thoracic
Lumbar

Question 9

Describe the the pathway from Spinal Cord to Effector (ANS)

Answer 9

Spinal Cord –> Preganglionic Neurons carry commands –> Synapse onto Postganglionic Neurons –> Synapse onto Effectors

Question 10

Where are the preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division

Answer 10

In grey matter of thoracic and lumbar segments

Question 11

Where are the preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division

Answer 11

In the brainstem (cranial nerves) or the gray matter of sacral segments

Question 12

Sympathetic Division is also called?

Answer 12

Thoracolumbar Division

Question 13

Parasympathetic Division is also called?

Answer 13

Craniosacral Division

Question 14

Sympathetic Preganglionic Fibres release _______ which has a _______ effect

Answer 14

Releases ACh –> Excitatory effect –> Stimulates ganglionic neuron

Question 15

Sympathetic Postganglionic Fibres release _______ which has a ______ effect

Answer 15

Releases NE (Norepinephrine) –> Usually Excitatory effect at neuromuscular junction

Question 16

Where are the ganglia located (Parasympathetic)

Answer 16

Located near the target organ

Question 17

Where are the ganglia located (Sympathetic)

Answer 17

Located near the spinal cord

Question 18

What happens in the ganglia (Sympathetic)

Answer 18

Preganglionic Fibers release ACh –> Excitatory –> Stimulates Postganglionic neurons

Question 19

What happens from the Ganglia to the target organs (Sympathetic)

Answer 19

Most Postganglionic Fibers release NE at neuromuscular junctions
–> Usually excitatory effect

Question 20

What kind of response is Sympathetic

Answer 20

Fight or Flight

Question 21

What happens in the Ganglia (Parasympathetic)

Answer 21

Preganglionic Fibers release ACh –> Excitatory –> Stimulates postganglionic neurons

Question 22

What happens from the Ganglia to the target organs (Parasympathetic)

Answer 22

All postganglionic fibers release ACh –> Mostly Inhibitory effect (Depends on the receptor)

Question 23

What are the two classes of receptors

Answer 23

Ionotropic and Metabotropic

Question 24

What is Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 24

Autoimmune Disease where there are not enough ACh Receptors

Use pyridostigmine to inhibit AChE preventing ACh breakdown