Lect 10 - CNS (Brain Anatomy)

Question 1

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 1

Connects brainstem to spinal cord

Relays info to thalamus and brainstem

Regulates heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion

Question 2

Pons

Answer 2

Acts as a bridge and connects cerebellum to brainstem

Relays info to Thalamus and regulates somatic/visceral motor centers

Subconscious somatic and visceral motor center

Question 3

Mesencephalon

Answer 3

Midbrain

• Processes visual/auditory data
• Maintains consciousness
• Involved in reflex somatic motor responses to stimuli

Question 4

Diencephalon

Answer 4

Fits into the pocket of the brain (Cerebrum)

Contains Epithalamus, Thalamus, Hypothalamus structures

Question 5

Epithalamus

Answer 5

Contains the pineal gland
Pineal Gland secretes hormones

Question 6

Thalamus

Answer 6

Right and Left Thalamus

Relays info to the cerebrum
Processes sensory info

Question 7

Hypothalamus

Answer 7

Handles emotions, thirst, habitual activity
Connects to the pituitary gland (AKA Hypophysis) via the infundibulum

Question 8

Cerebellum (Describe its location)

Answer 8

Posterior to Pons
Inferior to Cerebrum

Question 9

Cerebellum

Answer 9

2nd Largest part of brain

Coordinates somatic motor function
Finetunes output of somatic motor centers for smooth operation

Question 10

Cerebrum

Answer 10

Telencephalon, Largest part of brain

• Conscious thought processes
• Memory storage
• Conscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions

Question 11

Define Longitudinal Fissure

Answer 11

Separates the two halves of the cerebrum

Question 12

Define Sulci

Answer 12

Grooves in the cerebrum

Question 13

Define Gyri

Answer 13

Ridges in the cerebrum

Question 14

What is covered in gray matter (Brain)

Answer 14

Cell bodies

Question 15

White/Gray Matter in Brain vs Spinal Cord

Answer 15

Cerebrum/Cerebellum: White matter is covered by gray matter

Spinal Cord: Grey matter is covered by white matter

Question 16

Ventricular System in the Brain (How many ventricles)

Answer 16

4 Ventricles

Question 17

Ventricular System in the Brain (What is it filled with)

Answer 17

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

Question 18

What is the function of CSF

Answer 18

Transports nutrients to CNS
Transports waste away from CNS
Provides a cushion for CNS

Question 19

Ventricle 1 (Location)

Answer 19

Lateral Ventricles

In cerebral hemisphere

Question 20

Ventricle 2

Answer 20

Lateral Ventricles (Location)

In cerebral hemisphere

Question 21

Ventricle 3

Answer 21

Located in diencephalon (Thalamus Region)

Question 22

Ventricle 4

Answer 22

Located between pons and cerebellum (Located Inferior to everything)

Question 23

What is Ventricle 1 and 2 separated by

Answer 23

Septum Pellucidum

Question 24

How does Ventricle 1 and 2 interact with Ventricle 3

Answer 24

Interventricular Foramen

Question 25

Anterior Horn extends into

Answer 25

Frontal Lobe

Question 26

Posterior Horn extends

Answer 26

Occipital Lobe

Question 27

Inferior Horn extends

Answer 27

Temporal Lobe

Question 28

How does the third ventricle communicate to the forth ventricle

Answer 28

Through the Cerebral Aqueduct of the midbrain

Question 29

What does the forth ventricle communicate with?

Answer 29

Communicates with spinal cord (Connects through Central Canal) Has openings in the roof to allow communication with subarachnoid space of the brain/spinal cord

Question 30

What kind of cells line ventricles

Answer 30

Ependymal Cells

Question 31

What protects the brain

Answer 31

Bones Cranial Meninges CSF BBB

Question 32

What are the 3 layers of the Cranial Meninges

Answer 32

Dura Mater (Outer) Arachnoid Mater (Middle) Pia Mater (Inner)

Question 33

What does the Cranial Meninges Protect

Answer 33

Brain and Spinal Cord