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PHARM 204 > Lect 5 - Tissue Structure > Flashcards

Lect 5 - Tissue Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four types of tissue

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

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2
Q

Epithelia (What is the Apical surface)

A

Side exposed to the surface (Exterior)

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3
Q

Epithelia (What is the Basal surface)

A

The surface that is attached to the basement membrane of the tissue

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4
Q

Key Characteristics of Epithelia Tissue
- How tight
- Vascularity
- What do they cover

A

Tightly bound
Do not contain blood vessels (Avascularity)
Covers exposed surfaces, internal cavities, and passageways

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5
Q

Key Functions of Epithelia Tissue

A

Protect Surfaces
Regulates Permeability
Are Innervated Resulting in Sensation
Secretions through gland cells

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6
Q

What factors determine the physical integrity of the epithelium

A

Intercellular connections
Attachment to basement membrane
Maintenance/Renewal

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7
Q

Basal Lamina (Made by what, Made of what)

A

Made by epithelial cells

Made up of glycoproteins, proteoglycans, microfilaments

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8
Q

Basal Lamina (Function)

A

Restricts movement of larger molecules from connective tissue into the epithelium

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9
Q

Reticular Lamina (Made by what, Made of what)

A

Made by connective tissue

Made up of coarse protein fibers

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10
Q

Reticular Lamina (Function)

A

Anchors the basement membrane to the connective tissue

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11
Q

How are Epithelial Tissues Classified

A

Classified according to Layers and Shapes

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12
Q

What are the two classes of Epithelial Layers?

A

Simple: 1 Layer of Cells
Same Polarity and Uniform

Stratified: Two or more layers of cells
Different Layer to Layer

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13
Q

Simple vs Stratified (Where are they found, Advantages)

A

Simple: Found in unexposed areas (Blood Vessels) –> Advantages = Allows for easier diffusion

Stratified: Found in exposed areas (Skin and Mouth) –> Advantages = Protects against chemicals and physicals damage

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14
Q

What are the different shapes of epithelia cells

A

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

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15
Q

Describe a Squamous Shape

A

Cells are flat, thin, look like fried eggs

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16
Q

Describe a Cuboidal Shape

A

Cells look hexagonal
Look square in a sectional view

17
Q

Describe a Columnar Shape

A

Cells look hexagonal
Long

18
Q

What is Pseudostratified

A

Uneven layering, looks stratified but all cells are actually one layer

Only surface epithelia possess cilia

19
Q

What is Transitional Epithelia

A

Can stretch without damaging the epithelium

These cells make up the bladder

20
Q

How are Glandular Epithelia classified

A

Based on Secretions, Structure, Mechanism

21
Q

What are the different kinds of Exocrine Glands

A

Serous Gland
Mucous Gland
Mixed Gland

22
Q

What is secreted by a Serous Gland

A

Watery substance, usually contains enzymes (Saliva)

23
Q

What is secreted by a Mucous Glands

A

Secretes mucins, a glycoproteins

Mucin + Water = Mucous

24
Q

What is secreted by a Mixed Exocrine Gland

A

Can produce watery and mucins

25
Q

How does Exocrine release secretions compared to Endocrine

A

Use ducts to release their secretions to the epithelial surface

26
Q

How does Endocrine release secretions compared to Exocrine

A

Do not have ducts, secretes hormones by exocytosis into interstitial fluid around cells

27
Q

How are multicellular grans classified?

A

Shape
- Normal
- Coiled
- Branched
Branching Pattern
- Tubular
- Alveolar (Acinar)

28
Q

Tubular vs Alveolar

A

Tubular are tube like and are straight

Alveolar have ends that are end as a bulb

29
Q

Simple vs Compound Glands

A

Simple Glands have ducts that branch a maximum of once

Compound have ducts that branch multiple times
If glands has tubular and alveolar structures it is Tubuloalveolar

30
Q

3 Methods of Glandular Secretion

A

Eccrine
Apocrine
Holocrine

31
Q

What is Eccrine Secretion

A

Secretory Product is packed into secretory vescicles –> Then released through exocytosis

Ex. Saliva from serous cells, Mucins from intestinal goblet cells

32
Q

What is Apocrine Secretion

A

Cell sheds the apical portion of its cytoplasm to release secretory product
These portions must be regrown to produce more secretory vesicles

Ex. Mammary Glands

33
Q

What is Holocrine Secretion

A

Cell is packed with secretory product and then bursts to release product. For more secretion stem cells must divide and replace the gland cell.

PHARM 204 (20 decks)

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