Lect 12 - CNS (Medulla Oblongata, Pons, Midbrain, Diencephalon, Cerebellum)

Question 1

Medulla Oblongata Function

Answer 1

Communication between brain and spinal cord passes through Medulla Oblongata

Question 2

Nuclei in Medulla Oblongata are responsible for what

Answer 2

• Act as relay stations for sensory/motor pathways
• Associated with Cranial Nerves connected to Medulla Oblongata
• Autonomic Control of Visceral Organs

Question 3

Name the Nuclei in Medulla Oblongata

Answer 3

Gracile Nucleus
Solitary Nucleus
Olivary Nucleus

Question 4

Cuneate Nucleus

Answer 4

Pass somatic sensory info to thalamus

Question 5

Gracile Nucleus

Answer 5

Passes Somatic Sensory info to Thalamus

Question 6

Solitary Nucleus

Answer 6

Receives visceral sensation from spinal/cranial nerves

Question 7

Olivary Nucleus

Answer 7

Bulges of the Medulla Oblongata

Pass info from cerebrum, spinal cord, diencephalon, and brainstem to the cerebellum

Question 8

Function of Nuclei in Cranial Nerves

Answer 8

Contains sensory and motor nuclei of cranial nerves

Question 9

Autonomic Nuclei (In The Reticular Formation)

Answer 9

Contain major reflex centers

These centers receive inputs from cranial nerves, cerebral cortex, diencephalon, and brainstem

Question 10

Reflex Centers in Autonomic Nuclei?

Answer 10

Cardiovascular Centers
Respiratory Rhythmicity Centres

Question 11

How do drugs influence Autonomic Nuclei

Answer 11

Drugs can not interact directly with these centers, they are reflexes. Only signals can effect these centers

Question 12

Cardiovascular Centres

Answer 12

Sets Heart Rate
Sets Contraction Strength

Question 13

Respiratory Rhythmicity Centres

Answer 13

Pace of Breathing

Question 14

What does the Pons consist of

Answer 14

Sensory and Motor Nuclei for Cranial Nerves

Involuntary Nuclei
Autonomic Control of Breathing

Relay Nuclei
Relays cerebellar commands

Question 15

What do Autonomic Nuclei consist of

Answer 15

Apneustic Center and Pneumotaxic Center
Respiratory Centers: Controls breathing depth

Question 16

What is the Reticular Formation? Relation with Respiratory Center

Answer 16

Autonomic processing of incoming sensations and outgoing motor commands

Very close and communicates with Respiratory Center

Question 17

What do Relay Nuclei consist of

Answer 17

Cerebellar Peduncles, which are connected to each other with transverse fibers

Question 18

White Matter vs Grey Matter (Tracts vs Nuclei Centers)

Answer 18

Tracts are White Matter

Nuclei Centers are Grey Matter

Question 19

What Nuclei does the Mesencephalon contain

Answer 19

4 Total Nuclei (2 pairs of nuclei)
Collectively called Corpora Quadrigemina

Question 20

What is the surface of the Mesencephalon called? What is it responsible for?

Answer 20

Tectum
Responsible for Visual and Auditory stimuli

Question 21

Auditory Processing Occurs in

Answer 21

2 Pairs of Inferior Colliculi

Question 22

Visual Processing Occurs in

Answer 22

2 Pairs of Superior Colliculi

Question 23

Mesencephalon wall and floors contain what kind of nuclei

Answer 23

Contain nuclei of the reticular formation
Red Nucleus
Substantia Nigra
Maintain alertness and Muscle Position

Question 24

The ventrolateral surface of the Mesencephalon contain

Answer 24

Cerebral Peduncles

Question 25

Relationship between substantia nigra size and dopamine

Answer 25

Low Dopamine = Less Black Part = Less Substantia Nigra Black Part protects against Parkinson

Question 26

What does the Diencephalon contain

Answer 26

Epithalamus Thalamus Hypothalamus

Question 27

What does the Epithalamus contain

Answer 27

Pineal Gland Produces Melatonin

Question 28

What connects the left and right Thalamus

Answer 28

Connected medially by interthalamic adhesion

Question 29

The thalamus forms the wall for what?

Answer 29

The Third Ventricle

Question 30

Thalamus Nuclei (Anterior Nuclei)

Answer 30

Limbic System (Emotion/Memory)

Question 31

Thalamus Nuclei (Medial Nuclei)

Answer 31

Relays info to Frontal Lobe

Question 32

Thalamus Nuclei (Ventral Nuclei)

Answer 32

Relays info to Parietal Lobe

Question 33

Thalamus Nuclei (Posterior Nuclei)

Answer 33

Relays info to occipital lobe

Question 34

Thalamus Nuclei (Lateral Nuclei)

Answer 34

Adjust activity in cingulate gyrus

Question 35

Cingulate Gyrus

Answer 35

Part of limbic system that processes emotions/behaviour in parietal lobe

Question 36

Anterior Lobe of Pituitary Gland Effects

Answer 36

Capillary Beds for Endocrine Effects

Question 37

Posterior Lobe of Pituitary Gland Effects

Answer 37

Neuron System Effects

Question 38

Cerebellum (How many hemispheres?)

Answer 38

Two Hemispheres

Question 39

Cerebellum (Folia Cerebelli)

Answer 39

Folds in the cerebellum (Like gyri in cerebrum)

Question 40

Cerebellum (What separates anterior and posterior lobes)

Answer 40

Primary Fissure

Question 41

Cerebellum (What separates the hemispheres)

Answer 41

Vermis

Question 42

Cerebellum (Cerebellar Cortex)

Answer 42

Subconscious coordination of movement

Question 43

Cerebellum (Arbor Vitae)

Answer 43

Connects cerebellar cortex with cerebellar peduncles

Question 44

Cerebellum (Superior Cerebellar Peduncles)

Answer 44

Connects cerebrum with mesencephalon, diencephalon, and cerebrum

Question 45

Cerebellum (Middle Cerebellar Peduncles)

Answer 45

Communicates between cerebellum and pons

Question 46

Cerebellum (Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles)

Answer 46

Connects Cerebellum with the Medulla Oblongata