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Fungal/Virology > LEC 4 - Aspergillus + Dermatophytes > Flashcards

LEC 4 - Aspergillus + Dermatophytes Flashcards

1
Q

Aspergillus species

A

Fumigatus
– and –
Flavus

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2
Q

What does flavus do pathologically?

A

Hepatotoxicity

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3
Q

Symptoms of A. Fumigatus: Cats/Dog

A

Sinonasal discharge

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4
Q

Symptoms of A. Fumigatus: Birds

A

Air saculitis

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5
Q

Symptoms of A. Fumigatus: Equine

A

Guttural pouch mycosis

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6
Q

How does Aspergillus cause disease in an animal?

A

Respiratory infection due to spore inhalation

Tissue invasion possible

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7
Q

What is the major virulence factor in Aspergillus?

A

Gliotoxin

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8
Q

Describe: Gliotoxin

A

Mucocillary apparatus
– and –
Immune evasion

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9
Q

What are ways that you can diagnose Aspergillus?

A

Fungal Culture
Fungal serology
Rhinoscopy/biopsy/histology

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10
Q

What fungal culture is used to grow aspergillus?

A

Sab dex

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11
Q

What color is a colony of aspergillus on fungal culture?

A

Blue/green to black/light tan

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12
Q

What can aspergillus from a fungal culture be stained with?

A

Lactophenol cotton blue

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13
Q

What are the four basic kinds of fungal cultures?

A

Sabaroud dextrose
Potato dextrose
Birdseed agar
DTM

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14
Q

How can you tell penicillin apart from aspergillus?

A

Branching in the hyphae

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15
Q

Systemic treatment: Aspergillus

A

Azoles

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16
Q

Topical treatment: Aspergillus

A

Azoles

Trephination

17
Q

What are the two species of Microsporum spp?

A

Canis
– and –
Gypseum

18
Q

What are the two species of Trichophyton spp.?

A

Mentagrophytes
– and –
Verrucosum

19
Q

Describe: Microsporum

A

Spindle shaped
Thick walled
Rough

20
Q

Describe: Trichophyton

A

Cigar shaped macroconidium

Smooth, thin walled

21
Q

What type of trichophyton attacks food animals?

A

T. Verucosum

22
Q

Describe T. Verucosum

A

Chain chlamydospores

23
Q

What are the clinical signs of a dermatophyte infection?

A

Focal/Multifocal alopecia w/ scaling

Inflammatory ring

24
Q

What happens to Persian cats that have a dermatophyte infection?

A

Pseudomycetomas

25
Q

What are the two differential diagnosis for dermatophytes?

A

Poxvirus
– and –
Sarcoptic mange

26
Q

What is the treatment for a dermatophyte infection?

A

Isolation/Environmental clean up
Miconazole/Enilconazole topical
Debridement

27
Q

Stain: Dermatophytes

A

PAS
– or –
Silver staining

28
Q

Culture growth: Dermatophytes

A

Sab dex
– or –
DTM

29
Q

Describe: DTM

A

Alkaline metabolites from dermatophyte growth
– and –
Phenol red

30
Q

What is contained in DTM?

A

Sab dex w/ cycloheximide + phenol red

31
Q

What is the pathogenesis of dermatophytes?

A

Arthrospores adhere to keratinized tissues
Hyphae grow outward and trigger local inflammation
Cell-mediated response/transient immunity

Fungal/Virology (26 decks)

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