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Fungal/Virology > LEC 14 - Orbivirus + Rotavirus > Flashcards

LEC 14 - Orbivirus + Rotavirus Flashcards

1
Q

What is found in a necropsy of an animal who died of Orbivirus?

A

Ulcers on the tongue

Petechial hemorrhage along the esophagus/trachea

Pulmonary edema +/- CrV pneumonia

Severe hemorrhage in the abdomen

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2
Q

What are reoviridae viruses?

A

Respiratory enteric orphan viruses

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3
Q

What does it mean to be an orphan virus?

A

Researchers do not know if these viruses cause disease or not

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4
Q

What are the two groups of reoviridea viruses?

A

Orbivirus

– and –

Rotavirus

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5
Q

What disease does the oribivirus cause?

A

Epizoonotic hemorrhagic disease

Bluetongue

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6
Q

What is the structure of the orbivirus?

A

Spherical/icosahedral symmetry

Non-enveloped

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7
Q

What is the genome structure of orbiviruses?

A

Segemented dsRNA

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8
Q

What is the vector for Orbivirus?

A

Culicoides

(GNATS)

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9
Q

Where does the reoviridea viruses replicate in the host cell?

A

Cytoplasm

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10
Q

What is the sequence of events in reoviridea replication?

A

Attachment to host receptors+ Endocytosis

Partial uncoating in endolysozomes

Early transcription of genome by viral pol WITHIN VIRAL PARTICLE CYTOPLASM

mRNA segment translation

Aggregation + Encapsidation

Cell death

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11
Q

What animals are affected by bluetongue?

A

Sheep

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12
Q

What animals are affected by EHD?

A

Deer + Sheep

But sheep normally have zero to very little clincal disease

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13
Q

What is the host dependent preference of African Horse Sickness?

A

Horses > Mules > Donkeys

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14
Q

What protein is responsible for the serotypes of bluetongue?

A

VP2

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15
Q

What are the major serotypes of EHD? Where are they most commonly found?

A

EHDV-1: New Jersey

EHDV-2: Alberta

EHDV-6: US

Ibaraki virus: Japan

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16
Q

What is different about the way bluetongue presents?

A

5 to 10 year cycles

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17
Q

What is the host preference of EHD?

A

White tail deer > Mule deer > Elk

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18
Q

If you are infected with one serotype of EHD are you protected against other forms?

A

No, not cross-protective

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19
Q

What are the non-edemic bluetongue viruses?

A

BTV - 1, 4, 8, and 14

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20
Q

What are the endemic EHD viruses?

A

EHDV-1, 2, + 6

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21
Q

What is the time of pathogensis in a reoviridae infection?

A

7 to 10 days

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22
Q

How does reoviridae viruses pass through the body?

A

Blood to bone marrow

Secondary viremia

Endothelial cells

Edema + Hemrrhage + Thrombosis + DIC

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23
Q

What are the common clinical signs with Reoviridae viruses?

A

Fever > 106 deg.

Oronasal discharge

Hypersalivation

Oral necrosis

Coronary band damage + lameness

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24
Q

What are the two types of immunity that are induced by a reoviridae infection?

A

Homologous

– and –

Heterologous

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25
Q

What is the homologous immunuity induced by the reoviridae viruses?

A

Antibody mediated

T cell mediated

Directed at VP2 + VP5 proteins

26
Q

What is the heterologous immunity induced by a Reoviridae infection?

A

Directed at NS1

Inner core proteins

27
Q

What are the test used to make a reoviridae diagnosis?

A

AGID + ELISA = Blood

rtPCR

28
Q

What is the treatment for reoviridae infections?

A

Palliative care

Chronic poor doers

29
Q

What time of the year is orbiviral infections most common?

A

Fall

30
Q

How many serogroups of the rotavirus are there?

A

7

31
Q

What determines the serogroup of a rotavirus?

A

VP6

32
Q

What is the structure of the rotavirus?

A

Non-enveloped

33
Q

What does the rotavirus do to the host cell?

A

Cytolytic

34
Q

Where does the rotavirus replicate in the host cell?

A

Cytoplasm

35
Q

What is the structure of the genome of a rotavirus?

A

dsRNA

Segmented

36
Q

How long does it take to see the pathogenesis of rotavirus?

A

24 hours

37
Q

What is the transmission mechanism of a rotavirus?

A

Fecal-oral transmission

38
Q

How does rotavirus travel in the body?

A

GI passage

Enterocytes

Loss of mature enterocytes at the tips of villi

Malabsorption + Secretions

39
Q

How long till clinical signs of a rotavirus infection are seen?

A

3 to 4 days

40
Q

What are the clincial signs of a rotavirus infection?

A

Non-bloody

+/- watery diarrhea

Concurrent infectoins

41
Q

What are the methods used to diagnose a rotavirus infection?

A

Electron microscopy

Serogroup A ELISA/Latex agglutination

Fluorescent antibody test

42
Q

What are the preventative measures that can be taken when dealing with rotavirus?

A

Management changes

Oral vaccine

43
Q

What is the treatment for rotavirus?

A

Supportive

Management of concurrent infections

44
Q

How does the reovirus avoid detection by the innate immune system?

A

Replicating its genome within the viral particle

45
Q

What are the clincial signs of infectious bursal disease virus?

A

Depends on age

3 to 6 wks = moderate mortality

Later = mild infection

Depression + Inappetence + Diarrhea

46
Q

What is seen upon histopathology of chickens with IBDV?

A

Cystic lesions

Interfollicular fibrosis

Follicular degeneration

47
Q

What type of virus is IBDV?

A

Birnaviridae

48
Q

What is the genomic structure of IBDV?

A

dsRNA

Linear

49
Q

What is the structure of IBDV?

A

Non-enveloped

50
Q

Where does IBDV replicate in the host cell?

A

Cytoplasm

51
Q

What is the sequence of events when it comes to Birnaviridae replication?

A

Viral penetraion

Cytoplasm

dsRNA transcription w/i virion

+strand translation

+strand transcription

  • strand pairing

Budding of mature virons

52
Q

How long does it take for pathogenesis to start with IBDV?

A

1 to 2 days

53
Q

What is the transmission mechanism of IBDV?

A

Fecal-oral

54
Q

Where does IBDV target?

A

GI tissues

Liver - Kupfer cells

55
Q

When secondary viremia of IBDV occurs where does it target?

A

B cells

56
Q

What does it mean when lingering symptoms are seen with IBDV infections?

A

Immunosuppression

57
Q

What tests can be done to diagnose IBDV?

A

Gross necropsy

ELISA
VI

rtRNA

58
Q

What is the treatment for IBDV?

A

Depop/Repopulation

Vaccination (MLV + Killed + Recombinant)

59
Q

What sample and test is good for ID’ing a IBDV infection?

A

Clocal swabs

60
Q
A

Fungal/Virology (26 decks)

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