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Fungal/Virology > LEC 19 - Rabies + VSV > Flashcards

LEC 19 - Rabies + VSV Flashcards

1
Q

What is seen upon PE in a ferret with rabies?

A

Torticollis

Dehydration

pale MM

Normal Temp

Weak pulse

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2
Q

What are the non-infectious differientials for rabies?

A

Dehydration

Abdominal FB

Toxin

HBC

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3
Q

What is the infectious differiential for rabies?

A

CDV

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4
Q

What is submitted for rabies testing?

A

Head, chilled NOT FROZEN

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5
Q

What is done to test for rabies?

A

FA

Impression of:

  1. Midbrain
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Hippocampus
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6
Q

What is the pre-exposure protocal for rabies prophylaxis?

A

3 vaccine series

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7
Q

What is the post-exposure prophylaxis protocol?

A

Peripheral immunoglobulin injections

5 day booster vaccinations

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8
Q

At what day are the rabies booster vaccinations given for post-exposure?

A

0

3

7

14

28

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9
Q

What is the genomic charactersitics of Rabies?

A

Linear

(-) ssRNA

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10
Q

How do rhabdoviruses enter the host cell?

A

G protein attaches to host receptors

Endocytosis

Vesicle fusion

Release into cytoplasm

mRNA transcription + replication

Virion formation

Budding

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11
Q

What are the four groups in the rhabdovirus family?

A

Lyssa

Vesiculo

Ephemero

Novirrhabdo

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12
Q

What are the two types of rabies?

A

Urban

Sylvatic

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13
Q

What rabies type is most commonly seen today?

A

Sylvatic

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14
Q

What are teh peripheral targets of rabies?

A

Salivary glands

Eye

Skin

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15
Q

How does rabies pass through the body?

A

Peripheral exposure

Infection of nerve endings

Retrograde axonal transport to dorsal ganglion

Dissemination throughout CNS

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16
Q

What are the four factors affected incubation period?

A

Host species

Virus strain

Dose exposure

Exposure site

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17
Q

What is the general incubation peroid of rabies?

A

3 to 12 weeks

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18
Q

What is the rate limiting step of rabies transmission?

A

Axonal transport

Longer the axon the longer it takes for rabies to spread

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19
Q

What are the non-infectious differentials for a hypersalivating, anorexic cow?

A

Ketosis

FB

Toxicity

Trace mineral deficency

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20
Q

What are the infectious causes of hypersalivation, anorexia in cows? (6)

A

Listeria

BVDV

BSE

Histophilus

Rabies

Pseudorabies

21
Q

What are the progressive neurological signs with rabies in a cow?

A

Stargzing

Ataxia

Difficulty rising

22
Q

What is seen upon histological examination of a rabies + cow?

A

Intraneuronal inclusion bodies

23
Q

What are the four types of clincal signs seen in rabies infections?

A

Predormal

Prodromal

Furious

Dumb

24
Q

Describe Dumb clinical signs of rabies

A

Weakness

Salivation

Difficult swallowing

25
Q

Describe furious clnical signs of rabies virus infection

A

Aggression

Hyperexcitability

Roaming

Cats > Dogs

26
Q

How is a diagnosis made for rabies virus?

A

Euthanasia

or 10d isolation after early signs (ie bite)

27
Q

What pathology is seen histologically with rabies?

A

Non-suppurative encephalitis

Perivascular lymphoid cuffing

Intracytoplasmic IB

28
Q

What prevention is avalible for rabies?

A

Killed vaccine

Given at 8 weeks - 1 yr

29
Q

What is the milwaukee protocol?

A

Induced coma = ketamine + midazolam

Antivirals = Amantadine

30
Q

Rabies transmitted to humans most commonly via….

A

Dogs

31
Q

What is the post exposure protocol in vaccinated animals exposed to rabies?

A

Booster

Outpatient monitoring for 45 days

32
Q

What is the rabies post-exposure protocol for an un-vaccinated animals?

A

EUTHANIZE

or

Long-term inpatient monitoring (6 months)

Vaccination

33
Q

What are the non-infectious differientials for oral blisters in a horse?

A

Toxin

Oral trauma

34
Q

What are the infectious differientials for oral blisters in a horse?

A

Vesticular stomatitis

35
Q

What is the diagnostic plan for oral blisters in a horse?

A

REPORTABLE

Serology

rtPCR

36
Q

What are the vectors for VSV?

A

Block flies

Sand flies

Culicoides

37
Q

What are the mechanical vectors of VSV?

A

Vets

Feed/H2O

38
Q

What are the two major serogroups of VSV?

A

Indinana

New Jersey

39
Q

What are the animals affected by VSV?

A

HORSES

Cattle

Pigs

Camelids

Ruminants

Humans

40
Q

What are the infected tissues of VSV?

A

Oral mucosa

Mammary glands

Coronary bands

Interdigital spaces

41
Q

What is the incubation peroid of VSV?

A

3 to 5 days

42
Q

What is the recovery period of VSV?

A

2 weeks

43
Q

What are the common clinical signs of VSV?

A

Vesicular lesions on tongue + oral cavity

Hypersalivation + secondary infections

Fever

Coronary band lesion = lameness

Teat lesions = mastitis

44
Q

What diagnostics can be done with VSV?

A

Serology

Virus isolation

rtPCR

45
Q

What must happen during the collection of possible VSV samples?

A

Must be collected/submitted by state or federal vet

46
Q

What is the quarantine period for animals with VSV?

A

30 days since last suspected case

47
Q

What is the treatment for VSV?

A

Palliative

Focus on secondary infections

Insect management

48
Q

How has VSV been used as a medical tool?

A

Vaccine development

Cancer therapy

Gene therapy - PD

Fungal/Virology (26 decks)

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