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Fungal/Virology > LEC 1 - Fungal Structure > Flashcards

LEC 1 - Fungal Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Term: Mycotoxicosis

A

Certain fungi contaminate food + produce toxins

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2
Q

What are the 3 main phyla of fungi that have important to vet medicine?

A

Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
Zygomycota

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3
Q

What type of -“yote” is fungus?

A

Eukaryotes

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4
Q

What are the two basic morphologies of fungus?

A

Yeast
– and –
Mold

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5
Q

Describe: Yeast

A

Round to oval cell

+/- budding

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6
Q

Describe: Mold

A

Filamentous, multicellular body

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7
Q

What is predominant sterol in the cellular membrane of a fungus?

A

Ergosterol

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8
Q

If ergosterol is not present what type of sterol is present?

A

Zymosterol

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9
Q

What two antibiotics mainly target ergosterol?

A

Amphotericin B
– and–
Azoles

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10
Q

What is the main three structures in the hyphal wall?

A

Chitin
Glycan
Mannan

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11
Q

Term: Chitin

A

Polysaccharide that give rigidity to the cell wall

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12
Q

What is thermal dimorphic conversion?

A

Depending on the temperature fungus can take the form of a mold or a yeast

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13
Q

What temp does it need to be for a dimorphic fungus to be a yeast?

A

37 degrees C

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14
Q

What temp does it need to be for a dimorphic fungus to be a mold?

A

25 degrees C

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15
Q

What type of fungus is known as a polymorphic fungus?

A

Candida albicans

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16
Q

What are three possible morphologies that a yeast can take?

A

Capsule
Germ tube
Pseudohypha

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17
Q

Term: Germ tubes

A

Elongated appendages that develop into hyphae

= virulence factors

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18
Q

What makes a germ tube a virulence factor?

A

Adhesive/Invasive

Secrete proteinases

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19
Q

What fungus is known for being encapsulated?

A

Cryptococcus

20
Q

Describe: Hyphae

A

Long filament or strand of cells

+/- septa

21
Q

Non-septate fungus

A

Rhizopus
– and –
Mucor

22
Q

Septate fungus

A

Aspergillus

23
Q

Define: Mycelium

A

Mat of hyphae

24
Q

What are the two asexual spore types?

A

Sporangiospores
– and –
Conidiospores

25
Q

Define: Sproangiophore

A

Sporangium stalk

26
Q

Where are sporaingiospores kept/held?

A

Within the sac OR sporangium

27
Q

What three fungus make sporangiospores?

A

Aspergillus
Mucor
Rhizopus

28
Q

Describe: Conidium

A

Open, not enclosed in a sac

29
Q

Define: Conidiophore

A

Hyphal branch w/ conidia

30
Q

What are the three types of conidia?

A

Arthroconidium
Blastoconidia
Chlamydoconidium

31
Q

Describe: Arthroconidium

A

Fragmented hyphae

32
Q

Describe: Blastocondia

A

Budding yeast

33
Q

Describe: Chlamydoconidium

A

Survivability function in environment

34
Q

What are the two types of dermaphytes?

A

Microconidium
– and –
Macroconidium

35
Q

Strain: Microconidium

A

Trichophyton

36
Q

Strain: Macrocondium

A

Microsporum

37
Q

What are the three ways that fungal diseases are characterized?

A

Granuloma
Hypersensitivites
Mycotoxicosis

38
Q

Which two disease characterizations are NOT mycoses?

A

Hypersensitivities
– and –
Mycotoxicoses

39
Q

What causes mycoses with granulomas?

A

Necrosis + Abscess formation

40
Q

What are the four types of mycoses?

A

Systemic
Superficial
Subcutaneous
Opportunistics

41
Q

Fungal Type Responsible: Systemic

A

Coccidiodomycosis

42
Q

Fungal Type Responsible: Superficial

A

Ringworms

Dermatophytes

43
Q

Fungal Type Responsible: Subcutaneous

A

Sporotrichosis

Mycetoma

44
Q

Fungal Type Responsible: Opportunistic

A

Mucocutaneous candidiasis
– and –
Cryptococcosis

45
Q

What conditions do fungus tend to like to be grown in?

A 
High osmotic conditions 
Acidic environments (

Fungal/Virology (26 decks)

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