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slp1502: anatomy > laryng 1 > Flashcards

laryng 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the larynx made of? (3)

A
  • cartilage
  • muscle
  • ligaments
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2
Q

what is behind the larynx?

A

the esophagus

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3
Q

what are the 5 main functions of the larynx?

A
  1. Allowing air passage into lungs
  2. Protection of airway
  3. Coughing
  4. Stabilizing thoracic cavity during force exertion
  5. Voice production
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4
Q

name the 6 cartilages of the larynx + indicate if they’re paired or not

A
  1. thyroid cartilage (unpaired)
  2. cricoid cartilage (unpaired)
  3. epiglottis (unpaired)
  4. arytenoid cartilage (paired)
  5. corniculate cartilage (paired)
  6. cuneiform cartilage (paired)
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5
Q

what suspends the larynx superiorly? inferiorly?

A
  • superiorly: hyoid bone
  • inferiorly: trachea
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6
Q

parts of thyroid cartilage? (7)

A
  1. lamina (plates – incompletely fused at superior end)
  2. superior thyroid notch
  3. laryngeal prominence (adam’s apple)
  4. superior horn
  5. inferior horn
  6. oblique line (gives attachment to things)
  7. anterior commissure (where VFs attach)
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7
Q

parts of cricoid cartilage? (4)

A
  1. lamina
  2. arch
  3. articular facets for arytenoid cartilage
  4. articular facets for thyroid cartilage
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8
Q

where is the cricoid cartilage relative to thyroid cartilage? what does it articulate with?

A
  • inferior
  • with inferior horns of thyroid cartilage
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9
Q

what attaches the cricoid cartilage to the trachea?

A

cricotracheal ligament

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10
Q

which muscles does the cricoid cartilage serve as the attachment point for? (3)

A
  1. lateral cricoarytenoid muscles
  2. posterior cricoarytenoid muscles
  3. cricothyroid muscle
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11
Q

when is a cricothyroidotomy performed?

A

when intubation is not possible

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12
Q

where are the arytenoid cartilages located?

A

on lateral superior borders of cricoid cartilage

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13
Q

parts of arytenoid cartilages? (4)

A
  1. apex
  2. vocal process (anterior)
  3. muscular process (lateral)
  4. cricoarytenoid joints
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14
Q

which cartilages have no obvious function? (2) where is each located?

A
  1. corniculate: apex of arytenoid cartilages (horn)
  2. cuneiform: in aryepiglottic folds (wedge)

aka vestigial cartilages

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15
Q

function of epiglottis?

A

covers laryngeal vestibule and directs food posteriorly to esophagus during swallowing

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16
Q

what does the epiglottis attach to? (2)

A
  • thyroid cartilage
  • hyoid
17
Q

what is the bottom pointy part of the epiglottis called?

A

stalk

18
Q

what attaches the epiglottis to the hyoid?

A

hyo-epiglottic ligament

19
Q

what do extrinsic ligaments attach?

A

a) larynx cartilage + hyoid
b) larynx cartilage + trachea

20
Q

what are the 3 thyrohyoid membranes/ligaments? what does each attach?

A
  1. Thyrohyoid membrane: Superior thyroid cartilage + hyoid bone
  2. Lateral thyrohyoid ligament: Superior horn of the thyroid ??? to the hyoid bone.
  3. Median thyrohyoid ligament: Thyroid notch to hyoid body.
21
Q

what does the cricotracheal membrane connect?

A

cricoid + first tracheal ring

22
Q

what does the hyo-epiglottic ligament connect?

A

anterior epiglottis + hyoid

23
Q

what do the median and lateral glossoepiglottic ligaments attach? what does this form?

A
  • tongue + epiglottis
  • forms vallecula (pool liquid)
24
Q

what does the quadrangular membrane form?

A
  • vestibular ligament at bottom
  • aryepiglottic folds at top
25
Q

what do the median cricothyroid ligament and lateral cricothyroid ligament (conus elasticus) form?

A

vocal ligament

26
Q

what do aryepiglottic folds connect?

A

arytenoids to epiglottis

27
Q

what is the vocal vs ventricular ligament?

A
  • vocal: Anterior commissure of thyroid to vocal procartilagecess of arytenoid
  • ventricular: Thyroid cartilage to anterior surface of arytenoid
28
Q

what is meant by supra-glottal vs glottal vs sub-glottal space?

A
  • supra: laryngeal vestibule
  • glottal: at VFs
  • sub: continuous with trachea
29
Q

what is the aditus? how is it set? what is it bounded by?

A
  • passageway of larynx
  • oblique / posteriorly
  • bounded anteriorly by epiglottis, on each side by aryepiglottic folds, inferiorly by interarytenoid fold
30
Q

where is the vestibule?

A

above VFs (visible when epiglottis is up)

31
Q

where is the ventricle?

A

between quadrangular membrane and conus elasticus

32
Q

food may pool in the valleculae at the front of the throat. where may food pool in the back of your throat?

A

pyriform sinuses

slp1502: anatomy (19 decks)

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