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slp1502: anatomy > auditory lec 2 > Flashcards

auditory lec 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what does “process” indicate?

A
  • something sticking out
  • ex: styloid process, zygomatic process
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2
Q

key diff b/w swimmer’s ear and otitis media?

A
  • swimmer’s ear: outer ear
  • otitis media: middle ear
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3
Q

a) is the middle ear air-filled or fluid-filled?
b) what are the 3 bones in the middle ear called?
c) what kind of energy change occurs here?

A

a) air-filled
b) ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
c) converts acoustic energy from TM to mechanical energy in inner ear

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4
Q

OM vs OME vs serous OM?

A
  • OM: middle ear infection
  • OME: middle ear infection + fluid
  • serous OM: any fluid without infection
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5
Q

T or F: no hearing loss can result from OM

A

false – in extreme cases, up to 30dB conductive hearing loss can occur

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6
Q

why is OM history important to address during case history?

A

OM can lead to speech-language issues

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7
Q

OM treatments (3)

A
  1. wait and see – many cases resolve within 3 months
  2. antibiotics
  3. surgery: tympanostomy / myringotomy
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8
Q

what composes the anterior wall of the middle ear? (2)

A
  1. tensor tympani muscle
  2. ET
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9
Q

what does the ET connect? what is it made of?

A
  • connects tympanic cavity + nasopharynx
  • proximal to middle ear: 1/3 bone
  • distal to middle ear: 2/3 cartilage
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10
Q

is the ET normally open or closed? what does it do? (3)

A
  • closed
  • lets air in
  • lets fluid drain out
  • equalizes pressure
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11
Q

what composes the posterior wall of the middle ear? (2)

A
  1. pyramidal eminence: origin of stapedius muscle
  2. aditus to mastoid antrum: air space
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12
Q

what happens to the middle ear when we go somewhere with high altitude?

A
  • air pressure decreases as altitude increases
  • pressure becomes more negative in middle ear
  • ET must open to equalize pressure
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13
Q

what composes the medial wall of the middle ear? (5)

A
  1. oval widow
  2. round window
  3. promontory (first turn of cochlea)
  4. facial nerve canal (stapedius)
  5. lateral semicircular canal
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14
Q

what does the ossicular chain connect?

A

the TM to the oval window

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15
Q

what composes the lateral wall of the middle ear? (1)

A
  • tympanic membrane
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16
Q

parts of malleus (5)

A
  1. mandubrium (handle, attaches to TM)
  2. head *
  3. neck
  4. lateral process
  5. anterior process (longer)
17
Q

parts of incus (3)

A
  1. short process
  2. body
  3. long process *
18
Q

parts of stapes (3)

A
  1. base
  2. posterior limb
  3. anterior limb
19
Q

incudomalleolar vs incudostapedial joint?

A
  • incudomalleolar: connects incus + malleus
  • incudostapedial: connects incus + stapes
20
Q

what does the tensor tympani do? stapedius?

A
  • tensor tympani: plays role in AR. attaches to malleus.
  • stapedius: plays role in AR. attaches to stapes.

slp1502: anatomy (16 decks)

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