Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

abdomen > large intestine > Flashcards

large intestine Flashcards

1
Q

where does the large intestine begin? (inferior most part)

A

from the caecum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what follows from the caecum? (all the parts)

A

ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the flow of the ascending colon?

A

from the caecum to the right lobe of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where is the appendix located?

A

the mcburney point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how does the ileum and appendix connect?

A

the mesoappendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is contained in the mesoappendix?

A

the appendical vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the arteries of the appendix and caecum?

A

the superior mesentery artery that branches into the
1. anterior cecal branch of the ileocolic artery
2. posterior cecal branch of the ileocolic artery
3. appendicular artery of the ileocolic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the venous drainages of the ascending colon?

A

the right colic vein and the iliocolic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where does the ascending colon end?

A

the hepatic/right colic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the peritoneal pouches in the large intestine?

A

the omental appendices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is located anteriorly to the ascending colon?

A

SIGMA
1. small intestine
2. greater omentum
3. anterior abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is located posteriorly to the ascending colon?

A
  1. iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves
  2. the right kidney
  3. the iliacus and quadratus lumborum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the flow of transverse colon?

A

from the hepatic flexure to the splenic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the vascularization of the ascending colon?

A

branches of the superior mesentery artery:
1. anterior cecal branch of the ileocolic artery
2. posterior cecal branch of the ileocolic artery
3. right colic artery of the superior mesentery artery
4. colic branch of the ileocolic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the vascularization of the transverse colon?

A

branches of the SMA and IMA
1. middle colic artery
2. left colic artery (from IMA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the venous drainage of the transverse colon?

A

it drains to the
1. middle colic vein
2. left colic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the splenic flexure and how does it differ from the hepatic flexure?

A

it is located more posteriorly and it is more acute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the flow of the descending colon?

A

from the splenic flexure to the descending colon-sigmoid junction

19
Q

what is the vascularization of the descending colon?

A
  1. the left colic artery
  2. the superior sigmoid artery
20
Q

what is located anteriorly to the descending colon?

A
  1. the small intestine
  2. the greater omentum
  3. the anterior abdominal wall
21
Q

what is located posteriorly to the descending colon?

A
  1. the left kidney
  2. the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve
  3. the iliacus and the quadratis lumborum
22
Q

what is located anteriorly to the transverse colon?

A
  1. the greater omentum
  2. the anterior abdominal wall
23
Q

what is located posteriorly to the transverse colon

A
  1. duodenum
  2. jejunum
  3. ileum
  4. the head of the pancreas
24
Q

where is the caecum located?

A

in the true pelvis

25
Q

how is the sigmoid colon formed?

A

medial protrusion of the descending colon

26
Q

what is on the anterior of the sigmoid colon?

A

the ureter, urethra, upper vagina (for women)

27
Q

what is on the posterior of the sigmoid colon?

A

the rectum, ileum, and sacrum

28
Q

what is the rectum formed by?

A

the taenia coli

29
Q

where does the rectum begin?

A

from the S3

30
Q

is the rectum retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?

A

retroperitoneal

31
Q

what are the muscle fibers of the taenia coli?

A
  1. taenia libera
  2. taenia mesocolic
  3. taenia omental
32
Q

what is the marginal artery? what is it also called?

A

the anastomosis of the superior and inferior mesentery artery

33
Q

what are the lymphatics of the large intestine?

A

ascending and transversal: superior mesentery lymph nodes

descending and sigmoid:
inferior mesentery lymph nodes

34
Q

where do the secondary lymph nodes eventually drain to?

A

the cisterna chyli

35
Q

what are the innervations of the midgut?

A

the superior mesenteric plexus

36
Q

what are the innervations of the hindgut?

A

the inferior mesenteric plexus (the sympathetic lumbar splanchnic nerve and the parasympathetic sacral splanchnic nerve)

37
Q

what is the vascularization of the rectum?

A
  1. superior rectal artery
  2. middle rectal artery (internal iliac artery)
  3. inferior rectal artery (internal pudendal artery)
38
Q

what causes appendicitis?

A

obstruction from fecal matter and enlargement of lymph

39
Q

how does appendicitis break the wall of the appendix?

A

by necrotizing it, the walls may break and perforate to other areas

40
Q

how would you explain the colic and focal pain caused by early and late appendicitis?

A

colic pain is caused by visceral sympathetic nerve of T10 that causes colic (diffusive) pain on the periumbilical region

focal pain results from perforation of inflammation to the parietal peritoneum of the iliac fossa that is innervated by the respective somatic nerve

41
Q

what may arise as complications of appendicitis?

A

transmural inflammation (it spreads all over the bowel’s wall)

peritonitis

phlegmon

necrotizing fasciitis

42
Q

what is the avascular part of the large intestine?

A

the inferior iliocaecal fold or the bloodless fold of Treves

43
Q

True or false?

The normal BP of portal vein is 8-10 mmHg!

A

False, it’s 6-12 mmHg

abdomen (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions