psc and pbc Flashcards

1
Q

what is primary sclerosing cholingitis?

A

inflammation and scarring of the intra and extrahepatic bile ducts?

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2
Q

male to female ratio of PSC?

A

2:1

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3
Q

at what age does PSC mostly happen?

A

30-40

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4
Q

what is the psc triad?

A

immune mediated (not autoimmune), genetic predisposition, disruption of biliary epithelium from bacterial translocation

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5
Q

what disease is it associated with?

A

ulcerative coliitis

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6
Q

what is the biliary epithelium?

A

epithelium that lines the biliary ducts

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7
Q

what is the pathophysiology of psc?

A

bacterial infection from gut -> inflammation of biliary epithelium -> bile acid leakage -> scarring of hepatocyte and inflammation of the biliary epithelium -> even more cholestasis -> goes on

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8
Q

complications of PSC?

A
  1. cholangiocarcinoma
  2. hepatocellular carcinoma
  3. gallbladder malignancy
  4. pancreatic cancer
  5. colorectal cancer
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9
Q

what is the chemical marker for PSC diagnosis?

A

increased ALP levels (20-140 IU/L)

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10
Q

what are the autoantibodies present in PSC?

A

antismoothmuscles, antinuclear, anti nuclear cytoplasmic antibodies

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11
Q

what is the imaging used in PSC?

A

magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatic imaging

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12
Q

what is the primary biliary cholingiatis?

A

autoimmune condition related to destrution of small bile ducts

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13
Q

which gender is PBC most prevalent?

A

female (9:1)

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14
Q

what syndromes associate with PBC

A

sjorgen’s and celiac syndrome, thyroiditis

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15
Q

which age is PBC most prevalent?

A

50

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16
Q

what antibodies are present in PBC?

A

antimitochondrial antibodies

17
Q

what is the histological evidence for PBC?

A

non suppurative chronic biliary duct obstruction

18
Q

what medicine is used to relief pruritis?

A

cholestyramine

19
Q

what does ursodeoxycholic acid do?

A

decreases toxicity to biliary epithelium

20
Q

what does obeticholic acid do?

A

decreases bile acid synthesis and consequently inflammation

21
Q

what is the superiormost structure of the biliary tree

A

the right and left hepatic duct that binds to become the common hepatic duct

22
Q

what is the duct that comes out from the gallbladder?

A

the cystic duct

23
Q

what comes after the cystic and common hepatic duct?

A

the combination to become the common bile duct

24
Q

what does common bile duct connect with?

A

the pancreatic duct

25
Q

what is the end of the biliary tree?

A

the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater

26
Q
A