GI tract disorders Flashcards
what is meckel’s diverticulum? (the abnormality)
persistence of the vitelline duct which should have disappeared between the 5th and 9th week
is the meckel’s diverticulum a true or false diverticulum?
true, the outpouching contains all the layers of the mucosa
what is a choristoma?
normal tissues in abnormal regions, in the case of meckel’s diverticulum, there are gastric and/or pancreatic tissues in the distal ileum
what are the complications of the meckel’s diverticulum?
volvulus, intususception, and obstruction
how would you diagnose for it?
NMI, technetium 99
what surgical procedures would follow to solve diverticulosis? ?
diverticuloctomy
what is the rule of 2’s?
2% of population
2 inches long
2 feet from the ileocaecal valve
2 years of age
2 times more likely to happen to males
2 types of ectopic tissue
what is a volvulus?
twisting of the bowel upon itself and the mesentery
what is the mechanism of action of volvulus?
the bowel forms a loop, cutting itself of the vascularization, ischemia, necrosis, perforation
what are the 2 types of volvulus?
the sigmoid and caecal volvulus
what anatomical causes contribute to the sigmoid volvulus?
lenghtening of the mesentery and fecal overload
what can cause fecal overload?
high fiber diet and overuse of laxatives
what age demographic is more prone to caecal volvulus?
younger aged patients
what is the risk factor? (mnemonic)
psychotic nurses constipate thy pretests
neuropsychiatrical diseases
nursing home residents
chronic constipation
high fiber diet
pregnancy
intestinal adhesions
what is the presentation of the volvulus?
absolute constipation leads to lack of flatulence leads to abdominal distention leads to diffuse abdominal pain
green vomit is because shit goes up
