Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

abdomen > gallbladder > Flashcards

gallbladder Flashcards

1
Q

apa yang terletak di anterior - superior gallbladder?

A

batas inferior liver dan dinding abdominal anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

apa yang terletak di posterior gallbladder?

A

transverse colon dan duodenum proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

apa yang terletak di inferior gallbladder?

A

pohon biliari dan sisa duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the anatomical sections of the gallbladder?

A

the pylorus, body, and neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does the pylorus reflect?

A

inferior border of liver at the midclavicular line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where is the body of the gallbladder in relation to the liver?

A

adjacent to the posterior inferior of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what part of the neck of the gallbladder is the main location of…?

A

the hartmann’s pouch, cholestasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does “cholestasis” mean etymologically?

A

chole means bile and stasis means to stand still, so the bile is still and unflowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

by what means does the bile unflow?

A

impaired hepatocyte bile secretion, biliary tree lodging, hartmann’s pouch lodging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how do you classifiy cholestasis?

A

intra and extrahpeatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what factors may cause intrahepatic cholestasis?

A

hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what factors may cause extrahepatic cholestasis?

A

biliary atresia (in infants), bile duct obstruction, primary sclerosing cholangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what causes biliary atresia?

A

bacterial infection, unproper embrionic development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a bile canaliculi?

A

the duct preceeding the biliary tree that stores the bile produced by hepatocytes temporarily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the morphology of cholestasis?

A

bile flow is slow, the canaliculi and the hepatocytes are therefore filled with bile from reverse flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens to the canaliculi?

A

becomes thicker and bigger (elongated bile plugs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what happens to the hepatocytes during cholestatis?

A

accumulation of bile pigments and then feathery degeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what happens when the hepatocytes and clinical features implode from overfilling?

A

kupffer cells will come in and eat the bile (then filled by the bile pigments)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what matter gets to the blood when bile regurgitation happens?

A

bilirubin, bile salt, and cholestrol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what happens when bilirubin gets into the bloodstream?

A

dark urine, jaundice

21
Q

what happens when bile salt gets into the bloodstream?

A

pruritis (itching) of the soles and the palms

22
Q

what happens when cholestrol gets into the bloodstream?

A

xanthoma (fat accumulation on skin)

23
Q

the bile supply to the intestine being interrupted causes what to happen?

A

pale stool and ADEK vitamins malabsorbtion

24
Q

what comes after the right and left hepatic duct?

A

the common hepatic duct

25
Q

what is the superiormost structure of the biliary tree

A

the right and left hepatic duct that binds to become the common hepatic duct

26
Q

what does the common hepatic duct connect with? what does it form?

A

the cystic duct to form the common bile duct

27
Q

what does the common bile duct connect with? what does it form?

A

the pancreatic duct to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater

28
Q

why do gallstones form?

A

imbalance of cholestrol and/or bile salts or failure of emptying the gallbladder

29
Q

what is the cool name for gallstone?

A

cholelithiasis

30
Q

what can gallstone cause the gallbladder?

A

inflammation called cholecystitis

31
Q

what is it called when the gallstone lodges the common bile duct?

A

choledocholithiasis

32
Q

what can common bile duct lodging cause?

A

cholangitis

33
Q

what is the charcot’s triad

A

fever, RUQ pain, jaundice

34
Q

what is reynold’s pentad

A

fever, RUQ pain, jaundice, sepsis (hypotension), and altered mental state (confusion)

35
Q

what are the 2 types of gallstone?

A

cholestrol and pigment stones?

36
Q

why pigment stones?

A

because it’s not only bilirubin, but also calcium

37
Q

what is contained in cholesterol stones?

A

they contain crystalline cholesterol monohydrates

38
Q

what are the 2 subdivisions of pigment stones?

A

black and brown

39
Q

what is the black one made of

A

calcium bilirubinate + calcium carbonate + <20% cholesterol

40
Q

what is the brown one made of?

A

calcium bilirubinate + calcium soaps of fatty acid + <20% cholesterol

41
Q

why are females more prone to get cholelithiasis

A

estrogen increases estrogen and lowers bile acid

42
Q

why do black stones happen?

A

increase of unconjugated bilirubin (crohn, thallasemia, sickle cell, sferocitosis, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia)

43
Q

why do brown stones happen?

A

bile stasis from clonorchis sinensis, roundworms, and e coli

44
Q
A
44
Q
A
45
Q
A
45
Q
A
46
Q
A
46
Q
A

abdomen (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions