Language Development

Question 1

Phoneme

Answer 1

smallest unit of sound

Question 2

Morpheme

Answer 2

smallest unit of language capable of carrying meaning

Question 3

Grapheme

Answer 3

Correspondence between letters of the alphabet and the sounds they represent (written letter)

Question 4

Allograph

Answer 4

Different letters and letter combinations that can be used to represent the same sounds in a specific language (ex: hate
and steak)

Question 5

Digraph

Answer 5

Single sound or phoneme represented by two letters (ex: CH, SH, TH)

Question 6

Allophone

Answer 6

Variation of a phoneme. Co-articulation affects allophonic variation (how surrounding phonemes affect target phonemes … ex: keep vs coup)

Question 7

Semantics

Answer 7

the study of meaning in language

Question 8

Phonology

Answer 8

study of speech sounds of a language or languages, and the laws governing them

Question 9

Morphology

Answer 9

the study of words and their parts

Question 10

Syntax

Answer 10

arrangement of words and phrases in a specific order

Question 11

Pragmatics

Answer 11

the way people use language

Question 12

12 Month Milestone

Answer 12

1. 1 word
2. Average: 2-6 words

Question 13

18 Month Milestone

Answer 13

1. 20 words
2. Average: 50 words

Question 14

2 Year Milestone

Answer 14

1. 100 words
2. Average: 200-300 words & combining 2 words

Question 15

3 Year Milestone

Answer 15

1. 300 words
2. Average: 1000 words & combining 3 words

Question 16

4 Year Milestone

Answer 16

1. 900 words
2. Average: 2000+ words
   & combining 5+ words

Question 17

Agent + Action

Answer 17

Daddy eat/ Mommy drive

Question 18

Action + Object

Answer 18

Eat cookie | Throw ball

Question 19

Agent + Object

Answer 19

Daddy shoe | Grandma hat

Question 20

Attribute + Entity

Answer 20

Big doggie | Pretty lady

Question 21

Possessor + Possession

Answer 21

Daddy car | Baby bottle

Question 22

Recurrence

Answer 22

More juice | More cookie

Question 23

Nonexistence

Answer 23

No bed | All gone milk

Question 24

Demonstrative + Entity

Answer 24

This cup | That doggie

Question 25

Entity + Location

Answer 25

Daddy chair | Toy floor

Question 26

Action + Location

Answer 26

Go home | Sit horsey

Question 27

Passive Sentence

Answer 27

1. The subject receives the
   action of the verb
2. Rachel was driven to the
   Praxis by Jeff.

Question 28

Active Sentence

Answer 28

1. The subject performs the
   action of the verb
2. The sad girl studied for the
   Praxis.

Question 29

Interrogative Sentence

Answer 29

A question, did you pass the praxis?

Question 30

Declarative Sentence

Answer 30

Makes a statement
- I hate studying for the Praxis.

Question 31

Imperative Sentence

Answer 31

1. Makes a command
2. Put my Praxis book in the
   trash

Question 32

Exclamatory Sentence

Answer 32

1. Expresses strong feeling
2. I passed the Praxis!

Question 33

Parallel Play

Answer 33

Children play side-by-side with
similar toys but do not interact with each other. They are aware of each other’s presence and may mimic each other’s actions, but their play is independent.

Question 34

Associative Play

Answer 34

form of play where children are
more interested in each other than the toys themselves. They start to interact, share toys, and
communicate, but there’s not much organization to their activities.

Question 35

Collaborative (Cooperative) Play

Answer 35

Involves children working together
towards a common goal, often
involving roles, rules, and organized games or scenarios. It’s a sign of growing social skills and the ability to cooperate and compromise with others.