Dysarthria Types Flashcards
1
Q
Flaccid Dysarthria
A
- Damage to lower motor neuron
- Etiologies include surgical trauma, neuropathies, mysathenia gravis, brainstem stroke
- Characteristics include: hypernasality, nasal emissions, slow/slurred DDK’s, tongue fasciculations.
Primary deficit: WEAKNESS
2
Q
Spastic Dysarthria
A
- Damage to bilateral upper motor neuron
- Etiologies include CVA, TBI, degenerative diseases, infection, cerebral palsy
- Characteristics include hypernasality, strained voice, mono loudness, low pitch
Primary Deficit: SPASTICITY
3
Q
Ataxic Dysarthria
A
- Damage to cerebellum
- Etiologies include cerebellar stroke/injury, cerebellar atrophy
- Characteristics include slow slurred speech, distorted vowels, prolonged phonemes
Primary Deficit: INCOORDINATION
4
Q
Hypokinetic Dysarthria
A
- Damage to basal ganglia (dopamine depletion)
- Etiology: Parkinson’s Disease
- Characteristics: Short rushes of speech, breathy/hoarse voice, fast DDK
Primary Deficit: rigidity and decreased ROM
5
Q
Hyperkinetic Dysarthria
A
- Damage to basal ganglia (excess dopamine)
- Etiology: Huntington’s Disease
- Primary Characteristics: involuntary movements, voice stoppages
6
Q
Unilateral Upper Motor Neuron Dysarthria
A
- Damage to unilateral upper motor neuron
- Etiology: unilateral stroke
- Characteristics: facial weakness, incoordination, spasticity
7
Q
Flaccid Dysarthria Breathing Patterns
A
shallow inspirations due to muscle weakness
8
Q
Ataxic Dysarthria Breathing Patterns
A
inconsistent inspirations and poor control over subglottal pressure
9
Q
Spastic Dysarthria Breathing Patterns
A
shallow inspirations when inspiring quickly
10
Q
Hypokinetic Dysarthria Breathing Patterns
A
shallow inspirations and laryngeal hypo adduction with intact musculature (FYI: can result from anoxia or drowning)
11
Q
Hyperkinetic Dysarthria Breathing Patterns
A
inconsistent inspirations and forceful expirations
(VOICELESS SOUNDS IN BETWEEN SPEECH)
