Lab: The Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
Functions of the female reproductive system
A
- Maturation and transportation of oocytes
- Fertilization and development of embryo fetus
- Provide nutrients for infants
- Hormone production
2
Q
Components of female reproductive system
A
- Internal genitalia
- External genitalia
- Mammary glands
3
Q
Components of female internal genitalia
A
- Ovaries
- Uterine tubes
- Uterus
- Vagina
4
Q
Female gonads
A
Ovaries
5
Q
Endocrine products of the female reproductive system
A
- Estrogen
- Progesterone
6
Q
Exocrine product of the female reproductive system
A
Ova / eggs
7
Q
Also known as oviducts or fallopian tubes
A
Uterine tubes
8
Q
What are the uterine tubes composed of?
A
Smooth muscle and cilia
9
Q
What is the purpose of cilia in the uterine tubes?
A
Help move egg
10
Q
Three regions of the uterine tube
A
- Isthmus
- Ampulla
- Infundibulum
11
Q
Narrow portion of uterine tubes that open into uterus
A
Isthmus
12
Q
Place of fertilization
A
Ampulla
13
Q
Distal, funnel shaped portion of uterine tubes
A
Infundibulum
14
Q
Finger-like projections of infundibulum
A
Fimbriae
15
Q
Group of cells surrounding the oocyte that nurture the development of a gamete
A
Follicle
16
Q
Muscular chamber posterior to the bladder
A
Uterus
17
Q
Forward curving position of the uterus
A
Anteflexion
18
Q
Domed top of uterus
A
Fundus
19
Q
Portion of uterus below uterine tubes
A
body
20
Q
The narrow region of the uterus between the body and the vagina
A
Cervix
21
Q
Space within the uterus that houses the fetus
A
Uterine cavity
22
Q
Found between the internal os and the external os which are constricted portions of the canal
A
Cervical canal
23
Q
Layers of the uterus wall
A
- Perimetrium (outer)
- Myometrium
- Endometrium
24
Q
Organ inferior to the uterus
A
Vagina
25
Sheet-like peritoneum that holds ovaries and uterine tubes in place
Broad ligament
26
Ligaments connecting ovaries to uterus
Ovarian ligaments
27
Ligaments connecting ovaries to pelvic wall
Suspensory ligaments
28
Ligaments connecting uterus to labia majora
Round ligaments
29
Ligaments connecting cervix to pelvic wall
Cardinal ligaments
30
Ligaments connecting uterus to sacrum
Uterosacral ligaments
31
External genitalia of the female reproductive system
Vulva or pudendum
32
Adipose tissue covering pubic symphysis and bears pubic hair
Mons pubis
33
Pair of thick folds of skin and adipose tissue
Labia majora
34
Pair of thing folds medial to labia majora
Labia minora
35
Anterior fold over the clitoris where labia minora meet ateriorly
Prepuce
36
Opening to vagina
Vaginal orifice
37
Area enclose by labia minora that contains the vagina and urinary orifices
Vestibule
38
Membrane forming across vaginal orifice
Hymen
39
Primary center of female sexual stimulation
Clitoris
40
Two parts of the clitoris
Glans - external
Body - internal
41
Gland located on each side of the vagina that secrete fluid and lubrication during intercourse
Greater vestibular gland
42
Gland located near the external urethral orifice to secrete fluid into the vestibule
Paraurethral gland
43
Darkened area surrounding nipple
Areola
44
Raised structure at the apex of breast
Nipple
45
Milk producing glands
Acini
46
Functions of the male reproductive system
1. Produce, store, and transport sperm
2. Testes produce androgens
47
Components of the male reproductive system
- Penis
- Testes
- Accessory glands
- Spermatic ducts
48
Pouch of skin, muscle, and fibrous tissue that contain the testes
Scrotum
49
What contains that spermatic cord?
Scrotum
50
Deposits semen into vagina
Penis
51
Foreskin
Prepuce
52
Elongated external portion of the penis that consists of erectile tissue
Shaft
53
Expanded head at the distal end of penis containing urethral orifice
Glans
54
Male gonads
Testes
55
Endocrine product of the male reproductive system
Testosterone
56
Exocrine product of the male reproductive system
Sperm
57
Layers of the testes
1. Scrotum
2. Dartos muscle
3. External spermatic fascia
4. Cremaster muscle
5. Internal spermatic fascia
6. Tunica vaginalis
7. Tunica albuginea
58
What is the white fibrous capsule around the testes?
Tunica albuginea
59
Which muscles of the testes contract when cold and relax when warm?
Dartos and cremaster muscle
60
Which cells line the seminiferous tubes?
Epithelial cells
61
What cells are "nurse" cells that nurture the development of sperm
Sertoli cells
62
Site of sperm maturation and storage
epididymis
63
How long does it take for sperm to reach maturity?
20 days
64
How long are sperm viable for?
40-60 days
65
Sperm flow pathway
1. Seminiferous tubule
2. Rete testis
3. Efferent ductules
4. Duct of the epididymis
5. Ductus vas deferens
6. Ampulla of the ductus deferens
7. Ejaculatory duct
8. Prostatic urethra
9. Membranous urethra
10. Spongy urethra
11. External urethral orifice
66
Fluid released from accessory glands that carries sperm
Semen
67
What is the purpose of the difference in pH of semen?
The alkaline pH neutralizes male urethra and female vagina pH
68
What is the purpose of the fructose in semen?
Energy for the sperm
69
A complex of veins closely surrounding the testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus
70
What acts as a countercurrent heat exchanger?
Pampiniform plexus
71
Assist in sperm transport by inducting muscle contractions in the female reproductive organs
Prostaglandins
72
Enzymes necessary for sperm viability and motility
Proteolytic enzymes
73
Provides lubrication for passage of semen/sperm through the urethra
Mucus
74
Fertilizes a secondary oocyte
Sperm
75
Which glands contain fructose and prostaglandins?
Seminal vessicles
76
Which gland contains proteolytic fluid?
Prostate gland
77
Where is sperm activated?
Prostate gland
78
Where is mucus to lubricate the urethra and glans penis secreted from?
Bulbourethral gland
79
Production of gametes
meiosis
80
How many divisions occur in meiosis?
2 cell divisions
81
What happens to chromosome number during meiosis?
They reduce in half
82
Process of male gamete formation - division of spermatogonia to form spermatozoa
Spermatogenesis
83
Maturation of sperm through the last part of spermatogenesis
Spermiogenesis
84
When does spermatid gain a head, mid-piece, tail, and lose extra cytoplasm
spermiogenesis
85
Where does spermatogenesis occur?
The seminiferous tubule
86
Process of egg production
Oogenesis
