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PSIO202 > Lab: The Reproductive System > Flashcards

Lab: The Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the female reproductive system

A
  1. Maturation and transportation of oocytes
  2. Fertilization and development of embryo fetus
  3. Provide nutrients for infants
  4. Hormone production
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2
Q

Components of female reproductive system

A
  • Internal genitalia
  • External genitalia
  • Mammary glands
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3
Q

Components of female internal genitalia

A
  • Ovaries
  • Uterine tubes
  • Uterus
  • Vagina
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4
Q

Female gonads

A

Ovaries

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5
Q

Endocrine products of the female reproductive system

A
  • Estrogen
  • Progesterone
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6
Q

Exocrine product of the female reproductive system

A

Ova / eggs

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7
Q

Also known as oviducts or fallopian tubes

A

Uterine tubes

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8
Q

What are the uterine tubes composed of?

A

Smooth muscle and cilia

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9
Q

What is the purpose of cilia in the uterine tubes?

A

Help move egg

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10
Q

Three regions of the uterine tube

A
  • Isthmus
  • Ampulla
  • Infundibulum
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11
Q

Narrow portion of uterine tubes that open into uterus

A

Isthmus

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12
Q

Place of fertilization

A

Ampulla

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13
Q

Distal, funnel shaped portion of uterine tubes

A

Infundibulum

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14
Q

Finger-like projections of infundibulum

A

Fimbriae

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15
Q

Group of cells surrounding the oocyte that nurture the development of a gamete

A

Follicle

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16
Q

Muscular chamber posterior to the bladder

A

Uterus

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17
Q

Forward curving position of the uterus

A

Anteflexion

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18
Q

Domed top of uterus

A

Fundus

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19
Q

Portion of uterus below uterine tubes

A

body

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20
Q

The narrow region of the uterus between the body and the vagina

A

Cervix

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21
Q

Space within the uterus that houses the fetus

A

Uterine cavity

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22
Q

Found between the internal os and the external os which are constricted portions of the canal

A

Cervical canal

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23
Q

Layers of the uterus wall

A
  1. Perimetrium (outer)
  2. Myometrium
  3. Endometrium
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24
Q

Organ inferior to the uterus

A

Vagina

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25
Q

Sheet-like peritoneum that holds ovaries and uterine tubes in place

A

Broad ligament

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26
Q

Ligaments connecting ovaries to uterus

A

Ovarian ligaments

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27
Q

Ligaments connecting ovaries to pelvic wall

A

Suspensory ligaments

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28
Q

Ligaments connecting uterus to labia majora

A

Round ligaments

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29
Q

Ligaments connecting cervix to pelvic wall

A

Cardinal ligaments

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30
Q

Ligaments connecting uterus to sacrum

A

Uterosacral ligaments

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31
Q

External genitalia of the female reproductive system

A

Vulva or pudendum

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32
Q

Adipose tissue covering pubic symphysis and bears pubic hair

A

Mons pubis

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33
Q

Pair of thick folds of skin and adipose tissue

A

Labia majora

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34
Q

Pair of thing folds medial to labia majora

A

Labia minora

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35
Q

Anterior fold over the clitoris where labia minora meet ateriorly

A

Prepuce

36
Q

Opening to vagina

A

Vaginal orifice

37
Q

Area enclose by labia minora that contains the vagina and urinary orifices

A

Vestibule

38
Q

Membrane forming across vaginal orifice

A

Hymen

39
Q

Primary center of female sexual stimulation

A

Clitoris

40
Q

Two parts of the clitoris

A

Glans - external
Body - internal

41
Q

Gland located on each side of the vagina that secrete fluid and lubrication during intercourse

A

Greater vestibular gland

42
Q

Gland located near the external urethral orifice to secrete fluid into the vestibule

A

Paraurethral gland

43
Q

Darkened area surrounding nipple

A

Areola

44
Q

Raised structure at the apex of breast

A

Nipple

45
Q

Milk producing glands

A

Acini

46
Q

Functions of the male reproductive system

A
  1. Produce, store, and transport sperm
  2. Testes produce androgens
47
Q

Components of the male reproductive system

A
  • Penis
  • Testes
  • Accessory glands
  • Spermatic ducts
48
Q

Pouch of skin, muscle, and fibrous tissue that contain the testes

A

Scrotum

49
Q

What contains that spermatic cord?

A

Scrotum

50
Q

Deposits semen into vagina

A

Penis

51
Q

Foreskin

A

Prepuce

52
Q

Elongated external portion of the penis that consists of erectile tissue

A

Shaft

53
Q

Expanded head at the distal end of penis containing urethral orifice

A

Glans

54
Q

Male gonads

A

Testes

55
Q

Endocrine product of the male reproductive system

A

Testosterone

56
Q

Exocrine product of the male reproductive system

A

Sperm

57
Q

Layers of the testes

A
  1. Scrotum
  2. Dartos muscle
  3. External spermatic fascia
  4. Cremaster muscle
  5. Internal spermatic fascia
  6. Tunica vaginalis
  7. Tunica albuginea
58
Q

What is the white fibrous capsule around the testes?

A

Tunica albuginea

59
Q

Which muscles of the testes contract when cold and relax when warm?

A

Dartos and cremaster muscle

60
Q

Which cells line the seminiferous tubes?

A

Epithelial cells

61
Q

What cells are “nurse” cells that nurture the development of sperm

A

Sertoli cells

62
Q

Site of sperm maturation and storage

A

epididymis

63
Q

How long does it take for sperm to reach maturity?

A

20 days

64
Q

How long are sperm viable for?

A

40-60 days

65
Q

Sperm flow pathway

A
  1. Seminiferous tubule
  2. Rete testis
  3. Efferent ductules
  4. Duct of the epididymis
  5. Ductus vas deferens
  6. Ampulla of the ductus deferens
  7. Ejaculatory duct
  8. Prostatic urethra
  9. Membranous urethra
  10. Spongy urethra
  11. External urethral orifice
66
Q

Fluid released from accessory glands that carries sperm

A

Semen

67
Q

What is the purpose of the difference in pH of semen?

A

The alkaline pH neutralizes male urethra and female vagina pH

68
Q

What is the purpose of the fructose in semen?

A

Energy for the sperm

69
Q

A complex of veins closely surrounding the testicular artery

A

Pampiniform plexus

70
Q

What acts as a countercurrent heat exchanger?

A

Pampiniform plexus

71
Q

Assist in sperm transport by inducting muscle contractions in the female reproductive organs

A

Prostaglandins

72
Q

Enzymes necessary for sperm viability and motility

A

Proteolytic enzymes

73
Q

Provides lubrication for passage of semen/sperm through the urethra

A

Mucus

74
Q

Fertilizes a secondary oocyte

A

Sperm

75
Q

Which glands contain fructose and prostaglandins?

A

Seminal vessicles

76
Q

Which gland contains proteolytic fluid?

A

Prostate gland

77
Q

Where is sperm activated?

A

Prostate gland

78
Q

Where is mucus to lubricate the urethra and glans penis secreted from?

A

Bulbourethral gland

79
Q

Production of gametes

A

meiosis

80
Q

How many divisions occur in meiosis?

A

2 cell divisions

81
Q

What happens to chromosome number during meiosis?

A

They reduce in half

82
Q

Process of male gamete formation - division of spermatogonia to form spermatozoa

A

Spermatogenesis

83
Q

Maturation of sperm through the last part of spermatogenesis

A

Spermiogenesis

84
Q

When does spermatid gain a head, mid-piece, tail, and lose extra cytoplasm

A

spermiogenesis

85
Q

Where does spermatogenesis occur?

A

The seminiferous tubule

86
Q

Process of egg production

A

Oogenesis

PSIO202 (15 decks)

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