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PSIO202 > Lab: The Heart > Flashcards

Lab: The Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Components of the cardiovascular system

A

Heart
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Blood

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2
Q

The heart is within the _________ (space/area)

A

mediastinum

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3
Q

The heart is within the _______ cavity

A

thoracic

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4
Q

The heart is between the _____

A

lungs

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5
Q

The heart is superior to the ________

A

diaphragm

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6
Q

The heart is anterior to the ______ _______

A

Vertebral column

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7
Q

The heart is in the ________ sac

A

pericardial

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8
Q

The heart pumps blood to and from cells through…

A

systemic circulation

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9
Q

The heart pumps blood to and from the lungs through…

A

pulmonary circulation

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10
Q

The heart provides blood supply to itself through…

A

coronary circulation

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11
Q

Ligamentum arteriosum before birth is called…

A

ductus arteriosus

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12
Q

Sulci are grooves on the surface of the heart containing…

A

coronary blood vessels and fat

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13
Q

Coronary sulcus encircles the heart and marks the boundary between…

A

the atria and ventricles

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14
Q

Anterior interventricular sulcus marks the boundary between…

A

the ventricles anteriorly

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15
Q

Atria beat…

A

together

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16
Q

Ventricles beat…

A

together

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17
Q

How does blood flow?

A

Pressure differences

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18
Q

“double pump”

A

Pulmonary and systemic

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19
Q

Which chambers must generate the most force?

A

Ventricles - they pump a much larger difference

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20
Q

Heart layers

A

Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium

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21
Q

Within the pericardium is the…

A

serous pericardium - epicardium and parietal pericardium
Fibrous pericardium

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22
Q

The fibrous pericardium is attached to the…

A

diaphragm

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23
Q

Interatrial septum contains…

A

Fossa ovalis
Coronary sinus

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24
Q

The pectinate muscles are mostly in the…

A

right atrium

25
Q

Fetal heart structures

A

Formen ovale
Ductus arteriosus

26
Q

Formen ovale

A

Allows blood to pass from the right atrium to left atrium
Bypass lungs
Fetal

27
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

Connects pulmonary trunk with the aorta
Bypass lungs
Fetal

28
Q

Chambers

A

Atria + Ventricles

29
Q

Valves

A

Tricuspid
Biscupid
Pulmonary
Aortic

30
Q

Contraction of a heart chamber means it is…

A

depolarized

31
Q

Repolarization of a heart chamber means it is…

A

relaxed

32
Q

The sino-atrial node is responsible for…

A

atrial depolarization/contraction

33
Q

What is responsible for the “lub” sound?

A

Atrioventicular valves
(tri+bi)

34
Q

Semilunar valves

A

Aortic and pulmonary

35
Q

Atrioventricular valves

A

Tricuspid and Biscupid

36
Q

What is responsible for the “dup” sound?

A

Semilunar valves
(aortic + pulmonary)

37
Q

Open pulmonic and aortic valves

A

systole

38
Q

Closed pulmonic and aortic valves

A

diastole

39
Q

What are the three circulations?

A

Pulmonary
Systemic
Coronary

40
Q

Intrinsic autorhythmicity

A

Parasympathetic nervous system slows your heart rate

41
Q

Electrical activity pathway

A
  1. SA node
  2. AV node
  3. AV bundle (bundle of his)
  4. R+L bundle branches
  5. Subendocardial conducting network (purkinje fibers)
42
Q

P wave representation

A

Atrial depolarization

43
Q

QRS complex representation

A

Ventricular depolarization

44
Q

T wave representation

A

Ventricular repolarization

45
Q

What does an ECG not show?

A

ECG does not show force of contraction

46
Q

Contraction of the ventricles

A

Systole

47
Q

Relaxation of the ventricles (filling)

A

Diastole

48
Q

Abnormally fast heart beat

A

Tachycardia

49
Q

Abnormally slow heart beat

A

Bradycardia

50
Q

Amount of blood pumped out per systole

A

Stroke volume

51
Q

Blood output per minute

A

Cardiac output

52
Q

Volume of blood in ventricle before ejection

A

End-diastolic volume

53
Q

Volume of blood in ventricle after ejection

A

End-systolic volume

54
Q

Which layer is both a part of the pericardium and the heart wall?

A

visceral layer of the serous pericardium

55
Q

Which blood vessels deliver blood to the right atrium?

A

Superior and inferior vena cava

56
Q

Which blood vessels deliver blood to the left atrium?

A

Pulmonary veins

57
Q

Which valves prevent back flow into the ventricles?

A

Semilunar valves
(pulmonary and aortic)

58
Q

Which valves prevent back flow into the atria?

A

Tricuspid and Biscupid
AV valves

58
Q

Which valves prevent back flow into the atria?

A

Tricuspid and Biscupid
AV valves

PSIO202 (15 decks)

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