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Anatomy and Physiology II > Lab 3 (Chapter 20) > Flashcards

Lab 3 (Chapter 20) Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the path from the heart to the anterior interventricular artery (4 steps)

A

1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Left coronary artery
4) Anterior interventricular artery

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2
Q

Describe the four paths from the heart to the Circle of Willis (right and left common carotid paths, and left and right subclavian paths)

A

Right common path:
1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Brachiocephalic trunk
5) Right common carotid artery
6) Right interior carotid artery
7) Circle of Willis

Right subclavian path:
1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Brachiocephalic trunk
5) Right subclavian artery
6) Right vertebral artery
7) Basilar artery
8) Circle of Willis

Left carotid path:
1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Left common carotid artery
5) Left internal carotid artery
6) Circle of Willis

Left subclavian path:
1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Left subclavian artery
5) Left vertebral artery
6) Basilar artery
7) Circle of Willis

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3
Q

What 2 arteries branch off the ascending aorta?

A

The left and right coronary arteries
(Aa leads to L&Rca)

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4
Q

What 3 arteries branch off the aortic arch?

A

1) Brachiocephalic trunk
2) Left common carotid artery
3) Left subclavian artery
Bt Lcca Lsa

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5
Q

What 2 arteries branch off the thoracic aorta?

A

Intercostals and bronchials
(Ta leads to Ia and Ba)

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6
Q

What 6 arteries branch off the abdominal aorta?

A

1) Celiac trunk
2) Superior mesenteric artery
3) Inferior mesenteric artery
4) Left and right renal arteries
5) Left and right gonadal arteries
6) Left and right common iliac arteries

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7
Q

What is the path of blood through the aortas (5 steps)?

A

1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Thoracic aorta
5) Abdominal aorta

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8
Q

What is the path from the heart to the right radial and ulnar arteries? (8 steps)

A

1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Brachiocephalic trunk
5) Right subclavian artery
6) Right axillary artery
7) Right brachial artery
8) Right radial and ulnar arteries

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9
Q

Describe the path to the left radial and ulnar arteries

A

1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Left subclavian artery
5) Left axillary artery
6) Left brachial artery
7) Left radial and ulnar arteries

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10
Q

What 3 arteries branch off the celiac trunk?

A

1) Common hepatic artery
2) Left gastric artery
3) Splenic artery

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11
Q

What 2 arteries branch off the left and right common iliac arteries?

A

Interior and exterior iliac arteries

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12
Q

Where does the femoral artery branch off? Where does that branch off from?

A

The external iliac, which branches off the left and right common iliacs

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13
Q

Describe the path from the heart to the dorsalis pedis and fibular arteries

A

1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Thoracic aorta
5) Abdominal aorta
6) Left and right common iliacs
7) External iliac artery
8) Femoral artery
9) Popliteal artery
10 & 11) Anterior tibial artery to dorsalis pedis artery
10 & 11) Posterior tibial artery to fibular artery

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14
Q

What 2 things branch off the popliteal artery?

A

Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

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15
Q

What is the path from the heart to the common hepatic artery?

A

1) Left heart
2) Ascending aorta
3) Aortic arch
4) Thoracic aorta
5) Abdominal aorta
6) Celiac trunk
7) Common hepatic

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16
Q

Describe the 2 paths from the cephalic vein to the heart (long and short path)

A

Long path: cephalic > median cubital
Short: cephalic > axillary
Longer path:
1) Cephalic vein
2) Median cubital vein
3) Basilic vein
4) Brachial vein
5) Axillary vein
6) Subclavian vein
7) Left and right brachiocephalic veins
8) Superior vena cava
9) Right heart

Shorter path:
1) Cephalic vein
2) Axillary vein
3) Subclavian vein
4) Left and right brachiocephalic veins
5) Superior vena cava
6) Right heart

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17
Q

Describe the path from the basilic vein to the heart

A

1) Basilic vein
2) Brachial vein
3) Axillary vein
4) Subclavian vein
5) Right and left brachiocephalic veins
6) Superior vena cava
7) Right heart

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18
Q

Describe the paths from the radial and ulnar veins to the heart

A

1) Radial or ulnar vein
2) Brachial vein
3) Axillary vein
4) Subclavian vein
5) Left and right brachiocephalic veins
6) Superior vena cava
7) Right heart

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19
Q

Describe the path of the interior jugular vein to the heart

A

1) Interior jugular vein
2) Left and right brachiocephalic veins
3) Superior vena cava
4) Right heart

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20
Q

All blood passes through the ________________ (and the left and right brachiocephalic veins) or the ________________ to get back to the heart from the veins (unless it’s in the coronary sinus)

A

Superior vena cava or inferior vena cava

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21
Q

What 3 veins branch off the inferior vena cava?

A

1) Hepatic veins
2) Left and right renal veins
3) Left and right common iliac veins

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22
Q

What 2 things branch off the left and right common iliac veins?

A

Internal and external iliac veins

23
Q

What 3 veins branch off the hepatic portal?

A

1) Splenic vein
2) Inferior mesenteric vein
3) Superior mesenteric vein
(Left gastric’s blood also goes straight into hepatic portal)

24
Q

What is the path from the splenic vein to the heart?

A

1) Splenic vein
2) Hepatic portal
3) Liver
4) Hepatic veins
5) Inferior vena cava
6) Right heart

25
Q

What is the path from the left gastric vein to the heart?

A

1) Left gastric vein
2) Hepatic portal
3) Liver
4) Hepatic veins
5) Inferior vena cava
6) Right heart

26
Q

What is the path from the fibular vein to the heart?

A

1) Fibular vein
2) Posterior tibial vein
3) Popliteal vein
4) Femoral vein
5) External iliac vein
6) Left and right common iliac veins
7) Inferior vena cava
6) Right heart

27
Q

What 2 things branch off the popliteal vein?

A

Posterior and anterior tibial veins

28
Q

What is the path from the great saphenous vein to the heart?

A

1) Great saphenous vein
2) Femoral vein
3) External iliac vein
4) Left and right common iliac veins
5) Inferior vena cava
6) Right heart

29
Q

Define anamostosis

A

The joining of 2 blood vessels

30
Q

Name to arteries that are anastomoses

A

The basillar artery and the circle of Willis

31
Q

Trace arteries __________ the heart and blood vessels _________ the heart

A

away from; toward

32
Q

The ulnar artery and ulnar vein are on what side of the arm?

A

The pinky side

33
Q

The arteries that wrap underneath the carotid arteries are called

A

Vertebral arteries

34
Q

What is the order of veins of the neck from lateral to medial?

A

External jugular, vertebral, and internal jugular

35
Q

What is the most posterior artery of the brain?

A

Vertebral artery

36
Q

Name and describe the 3 layers of blood vessels

A

1) Tunica externa: outer layer composed of areolar connective tissue used for support and protection
2) Tunica media: middle layer of smooth muscle that controls the diameter of the vessel
3) Tunica interna/intima: Inner layer of simple squamous endothelium that reduces friction

37
Q

What order does blood move through the blood vessels? (including both arteries and veins)

A

1) Heart
2) Arteries
3) Arterioles
4) Capillaries
5) Venules
6) Veins
7) Heart

38
Q

What is the exception to the normal order of blood flow?

A

The portal system; where the blood leaves the capillary bed vai one or more veins only to enter a second capillary bed. After the second capillary bed, the blood then returns to the heart

39
Q

Which blood vessel (arteries, veins, or capillaries) has to deal with the highest pressure?

A

Arteries

40
Q

In which type of blood vessel is the pressure so low that one-way valves are necessary to prevent backflow of blood?

A

Veins

41
Q

Which type of blood vessel shows vasoconstriction the best?

A

Arteries

42
Q

What layer/tunica of blood vessels is responsible for vasoconstriction?

A

Tunica media

43
Q

Do capillaries have higher pressure than veins?

A

Yes

44
Q

Name and describe the 3 types of capillaries

A

1) Continuous capillary: normal, found in most places (skeletal muscle, brain, etc)
2) Fenestrated capillary: lots of tiny holes, found in places that need filtration like the kidneys.
3) Sinusoidal capillary: lots of holes large enough for RBCs and proteins to go through, found in the liver (makes proteins) and the bone marrow.

45
Q

What vein is first to branch off the brachial vein?

A

Basilic

46
Q

What are is order of the major arteries of the abdominal region? (top to bottom)

A

1) Descending aorta
2) Celiac trunk
3)Superior mesenteric
3) Renal
4) Gonadal
5) Inferior mesenteric

47
Q

What does the anterior tibial artery branch off into?

A

Fibular artery

48
Q

The anterior tibial artery leads to the ___________ artery, whereas the posterior tibial artery to the __________ artery

A

dorsalis pedis; fibular

49
Q

All veins other than the coronary sinus originate from the __________ veins, which branches off the superior vena cava or the ____________, which branches off the inferior vena cava

A

left and right brachiocephalic veins; inferior vena cava

50
Q

What 2 arteries branch off the brachiocephalic trunk?

A

Right common carotid and right subclavian

51
Q

Describe the importance of the hepatic portal

A

It returns blood from the digestive tract and spleen to the liver, where it processes raw nutrients in blood are processed before returning it to the heart

52
Q

List the 3 things that branch off the aorta from left to right

A

Left subclavian artery, left common carotid, brachiocephalic trunk

53
Q

The right common carotid artery is __(proximal or distal?)_____ to the right subclavian artery

A

proximal

Anatomy and Physiology II (40 decks)

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