Lab #3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Carbohydrate: Usually contains carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, in the approximate formula (CH2O)

Monosaccharide: Simple sugar with formula C6H1206

example: glucose function: important energy source for cells; subunit of polysaccharides

A

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2
Q

Carbohydrate: Usually contains carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, in the approximate formula (CH2O)

Disaccharide: two monosaccharides bonded together

examples: - fructose - energy storage molecule in fruits and honey

sucrose - principal sugar transported throughout bodies of land plants

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3
Q

Carbohydrate: Usually contains carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, in the approximate formula (CH2O)

Polysaccharide: many monosaccharides (usually glucose) bonded together

examples: - starch - energy storage in plants

glycogen - energy storage in animals

cellulose - structural material in plants

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4
Q

Lipid: contains high proportion of carbon and hydrogen; usually nonpolar and insoluble in water

Triglyceride: three fatty acids bonded to glycerol

examples: oil, fat - energy storage in animals, some plants

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5
Q

Lipid: contains high proportion of carbon and hydrogen; usually nonpolar and insoluble in water

wax: variable numbers of fatty acids bonded to long chain alcohol
examples: waxes in plant cuticle - waterproof covering on leaves and stems of land plants

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6
Q

Lipid: contains high proportion of carbon and hydrogen; usually nonpolar and insoluble in water

Phospholipid: polar phosphate group and two fatty acids bonded to glycerol

example: phosphatidylcholine - component of cell membranes

A

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7
Q

Lipid: contains high proportion of carbon and hydrogen; usually nonpolar and insoluble in water

Steroid: four fused rings of carbon atoms with fucntional groups attached

examples: cholesterol - common component of membranes of eukaryotic cells; precursor for other steroids such as testosterone, bile salts

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8
Q

Protein: chains of amino acids; contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.

peptide: short chain of amino acids
example: keratin silk - hellical protein, principal component of hair beta pleated sheet protein produced by silk moths and spiders

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9
Q

Protein: chains of amino acids; contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.

polypeptide: long chain of amino acids; also called “protein”
example: hemoglobin - globular protein composed of four subunit peptides; transport of oxyggen in vertebrate blood

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10
Q

Nucleic acid: made of nucleotide subunits containing carbon, hydrogen oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. may consist of a single nucleotide or long chain of nucleotides.

long chain nucleic acids: polymer of nucleotide subunits

examples: DNA - genetic material of all living cells RNA - genetic material of some viruses; in cells, essential in transfer of genetic information from DNA to protein

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11
Q

Nucleic acid: made of nucleotide subunits containing carbon, hydrogen oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. may consist of a single nucleotide or long chain of nucleotides.

Single nucleotides Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

examples: principal short term energy carrier molecule in cells cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) - intracellular messenger

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12
Q
A

fatty acid (unsaturated)

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13
Q
A

Hydrogen

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14
Q
A

Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)

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15
Q
A

Oxygen

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16
Q
A

Glycine (Amino Acid)

17
Q
A

Dimethyl Ether

18
Q
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Methyl Alcohol

19
Q
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Ammonia

20
Q
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Fatty Acid (unsaturated)

21
Q
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Carbon Dioxide

22
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Amine

23
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Glucose

24
Q
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Aldehyde (carbonyl)

25
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Ketone (carbonyl)

26
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Alcohol (hydroxyl)

27
Q
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Glycerol

28
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29
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30
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32
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33
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