L7 nervous system 2 Flashcards
Skull
provide the brain protection from external trauma
Meninges
connective tissue covering the brain and houses CSF
Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)
cushions brain and carries nutrients and chemical signals,
produced by ependymal cell
Blood Brain Barrier
regulates which bloodborne substance can enter brain (nicotine, alcohol)
formed by astrocytes
3 meningeal layers
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia Mater
Dura mater
tough outermost layer of fibrous connective tissue
Arachnoid mater
middle web-like layer, holds csf in subarachnoid space
Pia mater
thin innermost layer that clings to brain and spinal cord
Ventricles
houses and circulate csf, connects central canal of spinal cord
4 main regions of the brain
Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Brain stem
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
right and left hemisphere,
right-side sensation processed in left hemisphere, vice versa
lateralization
Process that occur in only one side
Ex: speech is a lateralized function
Cerebral cortex
site of reasoning and judgement (outer most part of the brain)
5 lobes of cerebrum
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, insular
Cerebral cortex is divided into 3 functional areas
Motor, sensory, and association areas
Premotor cortex
anterior to primary cortex, controls skilled learned movement ex: throwing ball
Broca’s Area
controls movement of tongue ex: speech
Frontal Eye Field
controls voluntary eye moevment
Primary Somatosensory Cortex
located in postcentral gyrus (parietal lobe), receives somatic sensory ex: touch
Somatosensory Association area
makes sense of primary somatosensory cortex
Primary Visual Cortex
located in occipital lobe, receives visual info
Visual association area
makes sense of what you see
auditory association area
integrates input from primary
Primary auditory cortex
located in temporal lobe, receives auditory input from auditory nerve
Primary Olfactory Cortex
located in temporal lobe, process smell
Primary Gustatory Cortex
located in insular lobe, process taste
Vestibular Cortex
located in insular lobe, process balance and equilibrium
Prefrontal Cortex
Thinking abilities, still developing in adolescents, dependent on social interaction
Wernicke’s Area
language comprehension, usually left side of the brain
Gnostic Area (common integrative area)
your sense of awareness from variety of association area
Limbic association Area
Emotional impact that forms memories
Reticular Formation
Contains reticular activating system, stay alert, regulates dreams
Primary motor cortex
located in post central gyrus (frontal lobe)
controls skilled and precise movements
