Blood 2 Flashcards
function of immune cells in white blood cells(leukocytes)?
leave the blood and enter tissue to fight infection
Normal WBC count?
5,000-10,000/mm
white blood cell is high when?
There is an infection
If WBC count is low means?
damage to red bone marrow or certain illness
2 types of WBC
Granulocytes- grainy appearance in cytoplasm
Agranulocyte- non-grainy appearance in cytoplasm
Types of granulocytes
phagocytic cells
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
Phagocytic cells
engulf targets and destroys them
Neutrophils
- attack and destroy bacteria
- 60% found in normal blood sample
Eosinophils
- destroys parasite worms
- 2-4% of WBC
Basophils
- release histamine which increases inflammation
- release heparin which inhibits blood clotting
- 1% of WBC
types of agranulocytes
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Lymphocytes
T-cells attack infected cells
B-cells release antibodies
- 25% of WBC
Monocytes
exits blood into tissue and becomes macrophages which are large phagocytes
4-8% of WBC
Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Hemostasis
important in blood clotting
Normal count for thrombocytes(platelets)?
150,000 - 400,000/mm
Three stages to stopping blood loss
Vasospasm
Platelet plug formation
Coagulation
Vasospasm
happens immediately
Platelet plug formation
begins 30 sec to 1 minute after injury
Coagulation (clotting)
takes 3-6 mins
fibrin in blood forms mesh that traps RBC
Sympathetic response
if more than 10% of blood is lost blood is redistributed to heart and brain
clotting disorders
liver disease or genetic disorders hemophilia
Thrombus
inappropriate clot in an undamaged vessel
Embolus
thrombus that travels elsewhere in the body
