L16: Thermoregulation Flashcards
Thermoregulation
- The newborn baby is at risk of ……..
- This is due to ……
- This Can Lead to …….
- either hypo or hyperthermia
- defective heat regulatory mechanisms
Normal temperature of the newborn is …..
36.5° C - 37.5 °C
Thermoregulation is a balance between ……
heat loss and heat gain
Methods of heat loss
Def of Hypothermia
Body temperature < 36.5°C
Def of Hyperthermia
Body temperature > 37.5°C
Def of Neutral Thermal Environment
- The environmental conditions under which the core body temperature is normal with minimal caloric expenditure and oxygen consumption
Temperature Assesment
- Methods
- Axillary
- Rectal
- Oral
Temperature Assesment
- Axillary
Axillary Measurement of Temperature
- Technique
- Put thermometer high in the middle of the axilla.
- The arm is held gently but firmly at the baby’s side for approximately 5 minutes
Axillary Measurement of Temperature
- Advantages
- Minimal risk
- Maintained hygiene
- Easy assessment
Rectal Measurement of Temperature
- Disadvanatges
- It is an invasive procedure
- It is not always reliable
Def of Hypothermia
Etiology of Hypothermia
CP of Hypothermia
CP of Hypothermia
- Early Signs (Cold Stress)
CP of Hypothermia
- As Hypothermia Persists
Def of Cold Stress
- When the initial signs of exposure to cold environment happen in the baby before actual drop of his body temperature
Complications of Hypothermia
Prevention of Hypothermia
- In the delivery room
- Incubator
Prevention of Hypothermia
- In The Delivery Room
Prevention of Hypothermia
- Incubator
Its temperature is set according to the baby’s gestational age & weight (32 - 36 °C)
Management of Hypothermia
Management of Hypothermia
- Mild
- The baby can be rewarmed by skin to skin contact, in a warm room (at least 25°C)
Management of Hypothermia
- Moderate
Management of Hypothermia
- Severe
Management of Severe Hypothermia
- Fast Rewarming
- Fast rewarming over a few hours is preferable to slow rewarming over several days
Management of Severe Hypothermia
- If none of the above mentioned equipment
If none of the above mentioned equipment is available:
- Skin-to-skin contact or warm room or cot can be used
Management of Severe Hypothermia
- In each state of hypothermia feeding should continue to:
In each state of hypothermia feeding should continue to:
- Provide calories and fluid
- Prevent a drop in blood glucose level which is a common problem in hypothermic infants
Management of Severe Hypothermia
- If this is not possible:
- Monitoring blood glucose becomes important
- An IV line should be set up to administer glucose if needed
Def of Hyperthermia
Body temperature > 37.5°C
Etiology of Hyperthermia
CP of Hyperthermia
Management of Hyperthermia
Management of Hyperthermia
- If the baby is in an incubator
lower air temperature
Management of Hyperthermia
- Second Step
The baby
- moved away from the source of heate
- Undressed partially or totally if necessary
Management of Hyperthermia
- If body temperature > 40°C
- The water should be warm
- It should be 2°C lower than the baby’s body temperature
Management of Hyperthermia
- Frequent breastfeeding
Frequent breastfeeding › to replace fluids «If not possible fluids (IV or by tube)
Management of Hyperthermia
- Examine for Infection
….
Management of Hyperthermia
- Using cooler or cold water is dangerous
- It may not achieve the desired effect
- Cooling may be very quick, and the baby becomes hypothermic
Complications of Hyperthermia
- Dehydration
- Intracranial hemorrhage
- Heat stroke
- Death
