L13: Birth Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Def of Birth Injuries

A

Injuries sustained during process of labor & delivery

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2
Q

Incidence of Birth Injuries

A
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3
Q

Predisposing Factors for Birth Injuries

A
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4
Q

Classification of Birth Injuries

A
  • Superficial lesions
  • Head injuries
  • Nerve injuries
  • Skeletal injuries
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5
Q

Superficial Birth Injuries

  • Examples
A
  • Bruising & abrasions (relatively benign injuries that occur during birth process)
  • Lacerations of scalp, face, cheek or ear in cesarean section
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6
Q

Superficial Birth Injuries

  • Site of Head Bruising
A

The vertex of the head commonly

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7
Q

Superficial Birth Injuries

  • Affected Area in Head Bruising
A
  • Rather large (6-8cm is not unusual)
  • Various shades of red and blue.
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8
Q

Head Injuries

  • Classification
A
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9
Q

Extracranial Head Injuries

  • Examples
A
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10
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

A
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11
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Cause
A
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12
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Composition
A
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13
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Consistency
A
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14
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Site
A
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15
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Extent
A
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16
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Onset
A
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17
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Resolution
A
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18
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Complications
A
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19
Q

Compare Between Caput Succedaneum & Cephalic Hematoma

  • Management
A
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20
Q

Def of Subgaleal Hemorrhage

A
  • It is a potentially fatal lesion that results from bleeding into a potential space the subaponeurotic space.
21
Q

Subgaleal Hemorrhage

  • Risks
A
  • Because it forms a compartment large enough to hold an infantโ€™s entire blood volume โ€”-> Extensive blood loss is possible, with a mortality rate as high as 22%.
22
Q

Etiology of Subgaleal Hemorrhage

A
  • It can occur spontaneously; rarely they have been associated with cesarean births.
  • It is most often associated with vacuum-assisted deliveries, which may produce a shearing force to the scalp, tearing the large emissary veins.
23
Q

CP of Subgaleal Hemorrhage

A
24
Q

Dx of Subgaleal Hemorrhage

A
25
Q

TTT of Subgaleal Hemorrhage

A
  • Do not delay treatment waiting for CT or MRI confirmation.
  • Stabilization of the infant is the immediate priority.
26
Q

Intra-cranial Injuries

  • Examples
A
27
Q

Intra-cranial Injuries

  • Intra-ventricular and peri-ventricular hemorrhage
A

Occurs in premature without apparent trauma between birth & 3rd day of life.

28
Q

Intra-cranial Injuries

  • CP
A
29
Q

Intra-cranial Injuries

  • INVx
A
30
Q

Intra-cranial Injuries

  • TTT
A
31
Q

Examples of Nerve Injuries

A
32
Q

Cause of Brachial Plexus injury

A

Due to traction on neck or arm.

33
Q

Examples of Brachial Plexus injury

A
34
Q

Compare Between Brachial Plexus injuries

A
35
Q

Compare Between Brachial Plexus injuries

  • Site
A
36
Q

Compare Between Brachial Plexus injuries

  • Effect
A
37
Q

Compare Between Brachial Plexus injuries

  • Shoulder & Arms Ms
A
38
Q

Compare Between Brachial Plexus injuries

  • Hand Ms
A
39
Q

Compare Between Brachial Plexus injuries

  • Associations
A
40
Q

Etiology of Facial Nerve Injury

A
  • Compression of facial nerve against maternal sacrum promontory
  • Incorrect forceps application
41
Q

CP of Facial Nerve Injury

A

On affected side

  • Perpetually open of eye
  • Obliterated nasolabial fold
  • Dropping of mouth
  • Ineffective suck
  • Swallowing problems
42
Q

Etiology of Phrenic Nerve Injury

A
43
Q

CP of Phrenic Nerve Injury

A
44
Q

INVx for Phrenic Nerve Injury

A
45
Q

Examples of Skeletal Injury

A
  • Clavicular fracture
  • Shoulder fracture
  • Humeral fracture
  • Femoral fracture
46
Q

Compare between Clavicular Fracture & Humeral,Femoral Fracture

A
47
Q

Compare between Clavicular Fracture & Humeral,Femoral Fracture

  • Incidence
A
48
Q

Compare between Clavicular Fracture & Humeral,Femoral Fracture

  • Healed By
A
49
Q

Compare between Clavicular Fracture & Humeral,Femoral Fracture

  • Duration of Healing
A