L14 - Pharmacological aspects of Immunology

Question 1

brief history

what are NSAIDS? examples

Question 2

eicosanoid pathway

outline. pathways n enzymes

Question 3

NSAID mechanism

how do they all work

what are the isoforms and how do they difeer

Question 4

NSAID mechanism

COX1,COX2. COX3

when are they present and where and what do they do. what happens when inhibited

Question 5

what is NSAID therapy indicated for

different situationa and examples

Answer 5

mild / potent analgesia and anti inflam

Question 6

aspirin

what is it used and not used for and WHY

examples of aspirins

Question 7

paracetemol

features of it
whatd does it do and doesn’t do / have

effectiveness compared to other NSAID

Question 8

paracetamol
METABOLISM

overview of network of what happens to it

pto for hints

what can be used in poisoning

Answer 8

phase 2 conjugation reaction for excretion

phase 1 oxidation reacton —> hepatic necrosis

phase 2 again

Question 9

NSAID GI toxicity

why is this the case and what does it lead to

risk factor - rel risk and what are tehy

Question 10

NSAID nephrotoxicity

why does this happen – as a consequence what arre teh effects

what happens as worst scnario

when would you therefore avoid giving this in

Question 11

asthma and aspirin

what is the link here and possible reason why

Question 12

list some NSAIDs and order thim in potency and side effects magnitidue

Question 13

what to do if someone has NSAID toxicity or you dont want it to happen

what would you treat with

Answer 13

misoprostil is PGe1 analogue / pp inhib

Question 14

selective COX-2 inhibitors

what effects do they have in humans

what other effects

examples of these drugs

Question 15

coxibs - efficacy

how does it compare to other NSAIDs, also in terms of what examples

GI side effects?
what other risk things are relavent to talk about here?

when should such drugs be used according to BNF

Question 16

corticosteroids

example - what is this and what DOES IT DOOOOo

how does it work immunolgically – what is invoved

Question 17

immunomodulation effects by steroids

what are they!!
pto for hints

Answer 17

cell trafficking
cell function
what doesn’t it effect

Question 18

steroids
clinical uses? examples for each

pto for hints

what are the routes of administration and what properties can differ

Answer 18

inflammation suppression

suppress specific immunity

replacement therapy

Question 19

corticosteroids as drugs

which five drugs are there??
how do they differ in terms of potency, lipid solubility, systemic use, topical use

pto for names

Answer 19

hydrocortisone
prednisolone
beclomethasone
dexamethasone
triaminiclone

Question 20

steroid therapy side effects

early and later effects list

Question 21

adrenal suppression during corticosteroid therapy

what happens with this and what needs to be careful here. explain why and what may happen, what can be done

Question 22

what is something that steriods increase the risk of infection

what is this risk related to

what are specific examples of this, and when do they occur

pto for hints

Answer 22

risk of infection

phagocytic defects

cell mediated defects