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204 [1] Immune System > L07 - Vaccines > Flashcards

L07 - Vaccines Flashcards

1
Q

types of immunisation

df of immunisation

historical
variolation
jenner

A
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2
Q

passive immunisation

what is it
how are preparations of this made
properties

give examples

A

immg repl. therapy in Ab def

VZV prophylaxis eg during exposure in pregnancy.

antitoxin therapies eg snake antiserum

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3
Q

VZV and pregnancy?

A
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4
Q

active immunisation - part 1

what is this? general principle

how can it be made effective

herd immunity?

why does it meet high safety standards

A
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5
Q

ACTIVE IMMUNISATION - part 2

how do the vaccines work — what do they generate

what is a pre-requiste for them to work

what are the most effective vaccines

what are the problem diseases like? eg?

A
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6
Q

what is in a vaccine and what does each bit do

A
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7
Q

how to classify different active vaccines? list / map

A

=–

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8
Q

live attenuated vaccines

what is this, how made,

examples?

what are the pros and cons of this

A
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9
Q

VZV - p1

what is this
what is the primary infection of this

what happens with this virus

what happens when it is reactivated

what may it cause

A
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10
Q

VZV - p2

how does it work
how effective is it
what happens with it
possible negative consequences?

why isn’t it on UK schedule?

A
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11
Q

zoster

how does incidence alter with age? what aboyt cell mediate responses to zoster?

zoster vaccine

what is it like
how does it work
what is the effect of admistering this

A
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12
Q

Poliomyelitis

what type, and where does it establish and where does it spread. how does it spread

what happens to some patients and what can this lead to

A
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13
Q

polio vaccines

what types are there and what are the pros and cons

which is suited best where?

pto for names

A

sabin oral vs salk injected

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14
Q

tuberculosis

how does the infection happen—- HINT: what cells, presentation, secretions, activation

how can it be seen on imaging

what is most TB thought to be

A

–

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15
Q

TB vaccination

what is the product called

what is produced by

what does it do, how does it work

how is it given

how effective is it in the different TB types

A
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16
Q

killed / inactivated vaccines

how does this occur / happen

what does it do to work

how does it compare to others

examples?

A
17
Q

what are some pros and cons of killed vaccines

A
18
Q

influenza virus

structure – antigens and that what are there
what things determine what

how do protective antibody repsonses work – what are they directed at and what does this do

A
19
Q

influenza vaccination

what are the difficulties

how are vaccinations produced

when are more problems occur? situations

A
20
Q

subunit vaccine

what is it
what might components be made from
what does protection happen from

what is a common exampleSS of it

A
21
Q

subunit vaccine - toxoids

examples relating to this? -po

how do they occur
how do they work

A

corynebacterium diptheriae
clostridium tetani
bordatella pertussis

22
Q

tetanis

how does this happen and what can be given to help with this. what kind of treatment woulf this be— pto

A

pre formed high affinity IgG antibodies can neutralise toxin moleciles in circ – immune complexes removed via the spleen

23
Q

subunit vaccines - polysaccharide capsules

what bacteria (EG) have such thick coats and what advantage does this give them

what are such vaccines made from. what do they aim to do

how good are these vaccines and why?

what do the latest vaccines do to boost reponses?

A
24
Q

vaccine conjugation

what happens here, what is it for

go through the steps of how it works

A
25
Q

remcombinant protein subunit vaccine

what is it

how is the vaccines produced – give examples (PO)

A

hep b surface ag

HPV vaccine

26
Q

HPV vaccines

which HPV subtypes cause cancer. which one

why is vaccine dev difficult

what vaccine is given here, what is it like

what doe sthe quadravalent vaccine cover?

A
27
Q

pros and cons of subunit vaccines

hintz:
where does it work well what is it good for

but??

A
28
Q

adjuvants

what is this what does it do
examples> (PO)

how does it work – and what does this in turn enhance

give examples of novel adjuvants

A

alum, lipopolysaccaride

29
Q

NOVEL VACCINE stuff

give examples of newer stuff, and explain how they would work and appraisal.

(PO for examples)

A

DNA vaccine

viral vector

204 [1] Immune System (20 decks)

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