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BIOC3021 > Krebs Cycle > Flashcards

Krebs Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

how much ATP is produced relative to glucose?

A

2

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2
Q

carbon enters the TCA cycle as what?

A

2 carbon acetyl group of acetyl-coA

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3
Q

the acetyl groups that enter the TCA cycle are derived from what?

A

3 carbon pyruvate molecules from pyruvate

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4
Q

along with ATP, what is produced in the TCA cycle?

A

CO2, NADH, FADH2

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5
Q

what products of the TCA cycle are used as the fuel for the electron transport chain?

A

NADH, FADH2 (specifically protons and electrons of the H and H2)

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6
Q

how many majors molecules are there in the TCA cycle?

A

8

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7
Q

3 carbons of pyruvate join with 2 carbons of _____ to produce the 6 carbon start of the TCA cycle, ______

A

oxaloacetate, citrate

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8
Q

in what part of the cycle does this cycle occur?

A

mitochondria

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9
Q

what two things occur when pyruvate is turned in acetyl coA?

A

O2 converts to CO2, NAD+ converts to NADH

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10
Q

acetyl coA is a ___ carbon molecule

A

2

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11
Q

(1) what two things combined create citrate?

A

oxaloacetate, acetyl coA

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12
Q

(1) what is the short lived intermediate molecule produced during citrate synthesis?

A

citryl coA

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13
Q

(1) what enzyme is involved in the production of citrate?

A

citrate synthase

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14
Q

1 acetyl coA molecule produces ____ NADH molecules

A

3 (1 before the cycle)

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15
Q

how many CO2s are released per cycle?

A

2

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16
Q

how many FADH molecules are created per cycle?

A

1

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17
Q

one carbon of pyruvate is released in the form of ___ so that it can enter the cycle

A

CO2

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18
Q

what enzyme converts pyruvate into acetyl coA?

A

pyruvate dehydrogenase

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19
Q

what is the active group of acetlyl coA?

A

sulfhydryl

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20
Q

coenzymeA contains ____ _____ and _____

A

pantothenic acid, adenosine

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21
Q

(2) citrate in converted to isocitrate by _____

A

aconitase

22
Q

(3) isocitrate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate by ____

A

isocitrate dehydrogenase

23
Q

(4) alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to succinyl co-A by _______

A

alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

24
Q

_____ is released when isocitrate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate

A

CO2

25
Q

_____ is released when alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to succinyl-coA

A

CO2

26
Q

(5) succinyl co-A is converted to succinate by _____

A

succinyl-coA synthetase

27
Q

(6) succinate is converted to fumarate by ______

A

succinate dehydrogenase

28
Q

(7) fumarate is converted to malate by ______

A

fumarase

29
Q

(8) malate is converted to oxaloacetate by _____

A

malate dehydrogenase

30
Q

how many carbons are in oxaloacetate?

A

4

31
Q

how many carbons are in citrate?

A

6

32
Q

how many carbons are in isocitrate?

A

6

33
Q

how many carbons are in alpha-ketoglutarate?

A

5

34
Q

how many carbons are in succinyl coA?

A

4

35
Q

how many carbons are in succinate?

A

4

36
Q

how many carbons are in fumarate?

A

4

37
Q

how many carbons are in malate?

A

4

38
Q

what is released when oxaloacetate is converted into citrate?

A

coA(SH), H2O

39
Q

the reaction of oxaloacetate to citrate is a ___ step reaction

A

2

40
Q

the reaction of citrate to isocitrate is a ____ step reaction

A

2

41
Q

the reaction of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate is a ___ step reaction

A

2

42
Q

___ groups are lost in the form of CO2

A

carboxyl

43
Q

what extra enzyme is seen during the conversion of succinyl coA to succinate and acts to convert ADP to ATP?

A

nucleoside diphosphate kinase

44
Q

during what conversion is GTP produced from GDP?

A

succinyl coA to succinate

45
Q

during what conversion is FADH2 produced?

A

succinate to fumarate

46
Q

what is unique about the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase?

A

it is an integral membrane protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane

47
Q

asparagine can be produced from what TCA molecule?

A

oxaloacetate

48
Q

lysine, isoleucine, and methionine can be produced from what TCA molecule?

A

fumarate

49
Q

purine nucleotides can be produced from what TCA molecule?

A

alpha-ketoglutarate

50
Q

acetyl coA is the precursor to what groups of molecules?

A

fatty acids and steroids

51
Q

_____ is the starting molecule for alanine, leucine, and valine

A

pyruvate

BIOC3021 (25 decks)

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