Kidney Structure And Filtration Flashcards
What are the main blood vessels to the kidneys
Renal artery and Renal vein
What takes fluid to the kidney
Ureter
What encases the cortex and medulla
Capsule
Where does most blood flow go
To the renal cortex
Explain how blood/fluid gets to the renal columns in between medulla and cortex
From renal pelvis to the calyx
Calyx feeds into columns
How does fluid from the collecting duct get to the renal pelvis for excretion
Via the calyx
What are the 2 types of nephrons
Cortical nephron (mostly in cortex)
Juxtamedullary nephron (both cortex and medulla)
Which vessel feeds into glomerular capillaries
Afferent arterioles
Which arteriole leaves the glomerular ball of capillaries and what does it branch off into
Efferent arteriole
Branches off to peritubular capillaries which wrap around nephron
What 3 ways do kidneys regulate ions and water
Regulation of osmolarity/ ions
Regulation of ecf
Regulation of ph
Name some hormones produced by kidney
Erythropoietin
Thrombopoietin
Kinins (vasodilators)
Renin
Which 2 things kidneys produce regulate BF
Prostaglandins and kinins
Which vitamin is produced by kidney
D
What do peritubular capillaries feed into
Renal vein back to heart
What 2 things restrict filtration
Size and charge
How much of blood is filtered into glomerulus
20%
What is the measure of how much blood filtered in a minute
Glomerular filtration rate
What is the name for the bowmans capsule with the capillaries
Renal corpuscle
What are the double membranes of bowmans capsule
Basement membrane
Then podocytes
What are the gaps between podocytes called
Filtration sites
What are the cells called in capillary wall
Fenestrated endothelial cells
What kind of things enter nephron
Ions eg na cl k
Urea / waste
Water
Glucose
Which pressure drives filtration
Hydrostatic pressure of blood in capillaries
Which 2 pressures oppose filtration via HP of capillaries
Colloid osmotic pressure
Bowmans fluid osmotic pressure
