Kidney

Question 1

MCC of nephritic syndrome in children

Answer 1

PSAGN

Question 2

laboratory findings of PSAGN

Answer 2

inc ASO, dec C3
IF: IgG, C3
EM: subepithelial humps on GBM
Hypercelullar glomeruli

Question 3

Histologic hallmark of RPGN

Answer 3

LM: crescents (Cresentic GN)

Question 4

Common disease of RPGN type I

Answer 4

anti-GBM disease
Goodpasture syndrome

+ antibodies against GBm
IF: Linear

Question 5

Common disease of RPGN II

Answer 5

PSAGN
Lupus nephritis
HSP
Berger disease

complication of immune complex – glomerular injury
EM: Lumpy-Bumpy appearance of GBM
IF: Granular

Question 6

Disease in RPGN type III

Answer 6

ANCA vasculitides

(+) p-ANCA
IF: Negative immune deposits

Question 7

20, Male, Smoker, with hemoptysis and renal failure

Answer 7

Good pasture syndrome

Question 8

MCC of nephrotic syndrome in Children

Answer 8

Minimal Change disease/ Nil disease

LM: N glomerulus
EM: effacement of foot processes of the podocytes

Question 9

MCC of Nephrotic syndrome in adults

Answer 9

FSGS
+azotemia
association:
HIV
sickle cell anemia
Obesity
IgA nephropathy
LM: inc mesangial matrix, collapsing glomerulopathy

Question 10

2nd MC nephrotic syndrome in adult
LM, EM

Answer 10

Membranous nephropathy
LM: diffuse thickening of the capillary wall
EM: Subepithelial deposits along the GBM (spike and dome), effacement of foot processes

Question 11

with complex deposition
LM: large, hypercellular glomeruli, thickened GBM (double-contour tram track
EM: subendothelial deposits
IF: C3 with IgG

Answer 11

MPGN I

MPGN II
IF: C3, EM: ribbonlike

Question 12

MC type of GN worldwide

Answer 12

IgA nephropathy/Berger disease

IgA deposition localized to kidneys
gross hematuria after a respi/GI/GU infection

Question 13

MC GN in children 3-8 yrs old

Answer 13

HSP

systemic IgA deposition
+ purpuric skin lesion, renal abnormalities following RTI

Question 14

kidney condition associated with long-standing diabetes

Answer 14

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules

Question 15

CKD with large kidneys

Answer 15

DM
HIV
Amyloidosis
PCKD

Question 16

MCC of AKI

Answer 16

Acute Tubular Injury

Question 17

MCC Renal artery stenosis

Answer 17

Atherosclerosis

2nd: Fibromuscular dysplasia

Question 18

MCC of Renal infarct

Answer 18

Embolism
morpho: white infarct / coagulative necrosis

Question 19

Renal mass
Hematuria
Pain
CKD

Answer 19

ADPKD

assoc anomalies: Liver cyst
intracranial berry aneurysm
MVP

MC death: Coronary/HTN heart dse

Question 20

MCC renal tumor in kidney

Answer 20

RCC

2nd MC: Wilms tumor
3rd MC: Urothelial Ca

Question 21

associated conditions in Calcium oxalate stones

Answer 21

Hypercalcemia
Hypercalciuria
Hyperoxaluria

Acidic pH

Question 22

Kidney stone associated with Proteus infection, and Urease

Answer 22

Struvite

Basic pH

Question 23

morpho of Calcium oxalate

Answer 23

Colorless, OCtahedron

Question 24

Morpho of Struvite

Answer 24

Colorless, COFFIN-LID
Opaque

Question 25

Morpho of Uric Acid

Answer 25

yellow, red brown to brown, rhombic

lucenct
pH Acidic

Question 26

Morpho of Cystine stone

Answer 26

Colorless Hexagonal plate

ph acidic
opaque
assoc with Cystinuria

Question 27

TRIAD OF RCC

Answer 27

hematuria
Mass
Flank pain

mets: Lungs > Bone

Question 28

MC histologic type of RCC

Answer 28

Clear Cell 70-80%
Origin: PTC
AD syndrome: VHL syndrome

Question 29

Histo type of RCC
+ Papillary formation
+ Psammoma bodies
Cystic, Hemorrhagic masses

Answer 29

Papillary RCC

origin: DTC

Question 30

AD syndrome of Chromophobe RCC

Answer 30

Birt- Hogg-Dube syndrome

Question 31

Histo of Chromophobe RCC

Answer 31

pale eosinophil often with perinuclear halo

origin: intercalated cells of CD