Keyword 2.0 (Biological molecules)

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

Section of DNA that contains coded information for making polypeptides and functional RNA.

Question 2

Genetic code (triplet)

Answer 2

A code of three bases which code for an amino acid (64 possible triplet codes).

Question 3

Degenerate

Answer 3

Refrence to the fact that most amino acids are coded by more than one triplet (20 different amino acids and 64 codes).

Question 4

Exons

Answer 4

Coding sequences within genes .

Question 5

Introns

Answer 5

Non-coding sequence within genes that separate exons (in eukaryotes)

Question 6

Codon

Answer 6

Sequence of three bases in mRNA that codes for a single amino acid (complementary to a triplet in DNA).

Question 7

Anticodon

Answer 7

Sequence of three adjacent bases on a molecule of tRNA that is complementary to a particular codon on mRNA molecule.

Question 8

RNA polymerase

Answer 8

Enzyme that joins together nucleotides to form mRNA during transcription

Question 9

Transcription

Answer 9

Process in which a complementary section of a DNA sequence is made into a molecule of pre-mRNA

Question 10

Translation

Answer 10

Process in which mRNA is used as a template to which complementary tRNA molecules attach and the amino acids they carry are linked to form polypeptides