ATP Flashcards
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
What is ATP?
A nucleotide derivative and consists of ribose, adenine and three phosphate groups.
When ATP is hydrolysed what is the product?
ADP and a phosphate molecule. This process is
catalysed by ATP hydrolase.
What are the properties of ATP?
- ATP is an immediate source of energy and is more desirable to use than glucose as ATP can be broken down in a single step to release a manageable quantity of energy.
- ATP isn’t stored in large quantities as it can easily be reformed from ADP in seconds.
- ATP is used in a variety of different ways, these include, metabolic processes, movement, active transport, secretion and activation of molecules.
Where does the energy from ATP hydrolase come from?
The energy comes from the bonds between the phosphate molecules. These bonds are very unstable and thus have low activation energy. The breaking of these is quick and releases a considerable amount of energy.
Inorganic phosphate
Used to phosphorylate other compounds, as a result making them more reactive.
What does the Condensation of ADP and inorganic phosphate catalysed by ATP synthase produce?
Produces ATP during photosynthesis and respiration
What are the components of ATP?
Adenine - a nitrogenous base.
Ribose - a five-carbon sugar.
Three phosphate groups.
What is the function of ATP
ATP is used to power most energy-requiring cellular reactions.
Equation for the hydrolysis of ATP:
ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi (+ energy)
How does ATP’s inorganic phosphate make other compounds more reactive?
Phosphorylation
The equation for the resynthesis of ATP is:
ADP + Pi (+ energy) → ATP + H2O
ATP is resynthesised by what type of reaction between ADP and Pi?
Condensation reaction
Which organic base is not found in RNA
Thymine
What is the name of the enzyme that accurately synthesises DNA during replication?
DNA Polymerase
