Kevin’s Cards about Athens Golden Age (The Age of Pericles)

Question 1

Pericles Definition

Answer 1

The foremost statesman of Athens during its Golden Age

Question 2

What jobs did Pericles have

Answer 2

He was a general, democrat, statesman, and builder

Question 3

What did the Athenians find when they returned from the Battle of Salamis

Answer 3

When the Athenians returned home from the Battle of Salamis, they found Athens destroyed, due to Persian destruction, including homes, the city walls, and even temples

Question 4

How did the Athenians fell when they came back from the Battle of Salamis and saw their city in ruins

Answer 4

When the Athenians saw the destruction of the their city, they felt far from ruined, for they defeated the powerful Persians, and they felt sure that in democracy, where free men ruled, great things were always possible

Question 5

What did the Athenians do when rebuilding their city, due to the damage the Persians left before the Battle of Salamis

Answer 5

The Athenians began the task of rebuilding their city, and were determined to make it more glorious than ever. In the years following the Persian Wars, the Athenians filled their city with gleaming marble statues and temples, and finely sculpted works of art

Question 6

What did Athens become in Greece

Answer 6

Athens became the cultural center of Greece. It teemed with great playwrights and fine actors. Greek tragedies and comedies were performed in huge outdoor theaters

Question 7

Why did people “flock” to Athens

Answer 7

People also flocked to Athens to discuss ideas and witness the city-state’s democracy

Question 8

What is the Golden Age of Athens sometimes called

Answer 8

The Age of Pericles

Question 9

Who is Pericles

Answer 9

Pericles is a statesman who led Athens for 30 years, and is associated with the highest ideals and achievements of the ancient world

Question 10

Which two famous families are ancestors of Pericles

Answer 10

Pericles came from two of the oldest and noblest families of Athens: his mother was the niece of lawgiver Cleisthenes and his father was the son of Ariphron

Question 11

True or False: The Golden Age of Athens was one of the most inventive and creative periods in history

Answer 11

True

Question 12

How was Pericles educated

Answer 12

Pericles had been educated by some on the leading philosophers of his time, yet despite his aristocratic background, his political sympathies lay with the demos

Question 13

What was Pericles determined to do

Answer 13

Pericles was determined to continue the reforms of his great uncle, Cleisthenes, and serve his city-state by making it more democratic than ever

Question 14

What belief, that Pericles had, guided his career

Answer 14

Pericles’ belief that people should rule themselves guided his career

Question 15

How did Pericles get the nickname “Onion Head”

Answer 15

A sober, serious man, Pericles had a long pointed face earning him the nickname “Onion Head”

Question 16

What did Pericles’ critics accuse him of

Answer 16

Pericles’ critics accused hi of being cold and conceited. They said that he allied himself with the people to get power

Question 17

What did Pericles’ admirers believe him to be

Answer 17

Pericles’ admirers believed he was a brilliant man with a clear vision for the polis

Question 18

How often did Pericles speak in public

Answer 18

Pericles did not speak often in public, but when he did, the Athenians listened carefully

Question 19

How often was Pericles elected to be one of their chief leaders

Answer 19

Almost every year, from 461 B.C. until his death in 429 B.C., the Athenians elected him to be one of their chief leaders

Question 20

What did Pericles inspire the Athenians to do after the Battle of Salamis

Answer 20

Pericles inspired the Athenians to rebuild their city after the Persian Wars, and under his leadership, the Athenians continued to strengthen their navy. They built two long, stone walls protecting the route between the city and its harbor, which was Piraeus, so that even in wartime the city would be able to get food and supplies by sea

Question 21

What did Pericles support

Answer 21

Pericles supported the work of Athenian writers, artists, architects, and thinkers. He wanted Athens to be the “school for Greece” where people could create great works of art and search for truth.

Question 22

Which men gained rights under Pericles

Answer 22

Under Pericles, more and more men gained rights and had a chance to share in government: after the victory against Persia, rowers won the rights they sought; Pericles guaranteed the rights of the common people; he established salaries for civic positions, so not only the rich could serve; and he worked to change the laws so that the common people were allowed to serve in any public office

Question 23

Was democracy under Pericles complete

Answer 23

Under Pericles, democracy was still not complete in Athens. For one thing, women and slaves could never become citizens, and thus, not allowed to take part in running the polis

Question 24

Why did Athens stick out

Answer 24

Athens stood out since many were under the rule of a king

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Under the guidance of Pericles, Athens was the most advanced _____ the ancient world had known

Answer 25

Democracy

Question 26

What are the requirements to become an Athenian citizen

Answer 26

To be an Athenian citizen, you need to be a free male age 18 or older, and need to be born to Athenian parents

Question 27

Who is required to serve in the Assembly

Answer 27

An Athenian Citizen is required to serve in the Assembly

Question 28

How often are Assembly meetings

Answer 28

The Assembly meets 40 times a year to debate issues and make decisions

Question 29

Which is easier: Getting to the Assembly from the city or the country

Answer 29

Getting to the Assembly is easier from the city, rather than the country, for you do not need to travel many miles

Question 30

What may happen if you arrive late to the Assembly

Answer 30

If you arrive late, you may not get in, for the Assembly has only 6,000 seats and closes when it’s full

Question 31

True or False: The Assembly is a powerful branch of the Athenian government — here, the people debate issues and make decisions

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What must a citizen do to be taken seriously in the Assembly

Answer 32

To be taken seriously at the Assembly , one must be a good public speaker. A speaker who can sway the opinions of the Assembly, like Pericles, is a man to be reckoned with

Question 33

If a speaker is very bad at the Assembly, what may the rest of the people at the Assembly do

Answer 33

If a speaker is very bad, the Assembly may fine them, for wasting their time

Question 34

How is the crowd like in an Assembly

Answer 34

The crowd in an Assembly is harsh and feisty

Question 35

How do you vote in an Assembly

Answer 35

In an Assembly, you vote by raising your hand, and majority vote, on any question, wins

Question 36

What is expected of all citizens when a majority vote is taken, even when it is not in their favor

Answer 36

All Athenians must obey the decision of the majority, even if they do not agree with it

Question 37

Why do Assembly members take voting seriously

Answer 37

Since it decided the fate of Athens

Question 38

True or False: The Council is another body citizens can serve in

Answer 38

True

Question 39

How are the members of the council chosen

Answer 39

Members of the council are chosen by lot. Every year the names of 500 citizens are drawn from a large pot, and these 500 serve on the council for a year

Question 40

What do members of the council do

Answer 40

The Council carry on day-to-day business of Athens, decide what things will be discussed at the next Assembly meeting, and write laws on which the Assembly will vote

Question 41

What types of official does the polis need

Answer 41

Officials of all kinds

Question 42

What are the different types of officials in a polis

Answer 42

Guards, market inspectors, someone needs to be in charge of the harbor, someone needs to collect tax money, someone needs to check food supply, and someone must run the warehouses. The officials who do these jobs are chosen from the Assembly by lots, and perform the duty for a year

Question 43

How was the Athenian system of lots democratic

Answer 43

The Athenian system of lots was very democratic, for it gave every citizen an equal chance to serve Athens in nearly every part of government

Question 44

Did a citizen that served in the Assembly, Council, and other roles need experience

Answer 44

A citizen who served in the Assembly, Council, and other roles did not need to have experience, for Pericles said even the simplest craftsman could understand the responsibilities of citizenship