Kevin’s Card about Grammar 3 Flashcards
Prepositional Phrase Definition
A group of words that begins with a preposition (such as above, beyond, beside, up), ends with a noun or a pronoun, and is used as an adjective or adverb
What are the 2 types of prepositional phrases
Adjective phrase and Adverb phrase
Adjective Phrase Definition
A prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun
Adverb Phrase Definition
A prepositional phrase that is used mainly to modify a verb
Is an appositive phrase a prepositional phrase
No
Appositive Phrase Definition
A noun or pronoun that identifies or explains another noun or pronoun in a sentence
Infinitive Definition
Verb form that usually begins with to; used as a noun, adjective, or adverb
Infinitive Phrase Definition
An infinitive with its modifiers and complements working together as a noun, adjective, or adverb
Participle Phrase Definition
A participle joined with related words
Participle Definition
A verb form that is used as an adjective
Verbal Definition
A form of a verb that is used as another part of speech
Spatial Order Definition
Organizational pattern in which details are arranged according to place
Order of Importance Definition
Organizational pattern in which details are presented from least important to most important or from most to least
Logical Order Definition
Organizational pattern in which details are grouped together such as in comparison and contrast, where the similarities are grouped together
Clarity Definition
When writing has clarity, the author has taken care to a make it readable by using appropriate vocabulary and grammatically correct sentences. Clear writing is direct to the point
Unity Definition
Unity is when all of an essay’s paragraphs help support the thesis
Development Definition
Development isn’t present if questions are still to be answered and goes with clarity
Coherence Definition
Coherence refers to a smooth flow of ideas in paragraph that can be easily understood by the reader and is connected with unity
What are the 3 main types of irony in literature
Situational, Dramatic, and Verbal Irony
Situational Irony Definition
The term situational irony can be applied to moments in which what is expected to happen and what actually happens are very different
Dramatic Irony Definition
Dramatic irony occurs when readers or viewers know more about the events in the story than the characters living through them. It results in audiences having a better, fuller understanding of character’s words and actions than the characters themselves
Verbal Irony Definition
Verbal irony refers to the contradiction between what is said and what is meant. Verbal irony is often used to inject humor or poke at a situation (sarcasm)
Why do writers use Situational Irony
Writers use situational irony because by surprising the reader and subverting their expectations, situational irony can force readers to examine ideas and attitudes they might take for granted
Where is Dramatic Irony typically found
In texts, plays, and movies
Dramatic Irony allows readers to do what
Allows readers and audiences to fully grasp the problems characters face and the meanings of texts and films. It can build our sympathy or our antipathy for characters
Phrase Traits
- A phrase adds additional information to a sentence, making the sentence more details, interesting, or clear
- A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence
- A phrase can contain either a noun or a verb, but not both
Clause Traits
- A clause is a group of words with both a subject and predicate
- A clause can sometimes stand alone as a sentence
- A clause is often part of a larger sentence
Independent Clause Traits
- They express a complete thought
- They can stand on their own as sentences
Subordinate Clause Traits
- They don’t express a complete thought
- They must be connected to an independant clause
What type of clause is an adverb clause
Subordinate Clause
What are examples of Subordinating Conjunctions
After, as if, as soon as, before, however, since, so that, unless, when, and while
Allusion Definition
A reference to a familiar literary or historical person or event, used to make an idea more easily understood
What type of clause is an adjective clause
Subordinate Clause
Adjective Clause Definition
Subordinate clauses that modify noun and pronouns and begin with a relative pronoun
Relative Pronoun Examples
Who, whom, whose, which, or that
Complex Sentence Definition
A complex sentence contains one independent clause and one subordinate clause
Complex Compound Sentence Definition
A Compound Complex Sentence contains at least 2 independent clauses and 1 or more subordinating clauses
Drama is written to be what
Acted out
The resolution is apart of what
The falling action
The language, organization, and structure of the story all help build what
The final ironic ending
