Joint Disease

Question 1

What is a common cause of lameness?

Answer 1

Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD)

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Question 2

What are the radiographic signs of DJD?

Answer 2

Joint effusion - Stifle ONLY!
Subchondral sclerosis
Osteophytes
Fragments and subchondral cysts

Question 3

How do you diagnose Joint effusion?

Answer 3

Based on displacement of infrapatellar fat pad and caudal fascial stripe

Question 4

Where can joint effusion be accurately be detected?

Answer 4

Canine Stifle

Question 5

What does Joint incongruity/laxity lead to?

Answer 5

ossification at margin of articular cartilage (osteophyte formation)

Question 6

Traction osteophyte

Answer 6

periosteal new bone at tendon, ligament, or joint capsule attachment due to pulling

Question 7

Osteophyte

Answer 7

ossification of margin of articular cartilage in response to joint laxity

Question 8

What are the common causes of Osteoarthitis?

Answer 8

Hip Dysplasia
Cruciate disease at the stifle
Wear and tear at the tarsus or carpus
Ligament dysfunction at the tarsus or carpus
OD of Shoulder and tarsus
Incongruity of the elbow

Question 9

What is a sign of DJD?

Answer 9

Morgan Line

Question 10

Erosive arthropathy

Answer 10

Hyperplastic synovium from immune mediated cause results in subchondral cysts

Question 11

What is an example of erosive arthropathy?

Answer 11

Rheumatoid arthropathy

Question 12

What breed is Erosive arthropathy common in?

Answer 12

Small breed

Question 13

Where is erosive arthropathy common?

Answer 13

Distal joints

Question 14

How do you differentiate Joint Tumor from DJD?

Answer 14

Lytic defects are larger and subchondral

Question 15

How do you differentiate Septic Arthritis from DJD?

Answer 15

Lytic defects are subchondral

Question 16

Bicipital Tenosynovitis

Answer 16

An inflammation of the biceps brachii tendon and its surrounding synovial sheath

Question 17

What are the radiographic signs of Bicipital Tenosynovitis?

Answer 17

Dystrophic mineralization

Osteophytes in the intertubercular groove

Question 18

What are the radiographic signs of Supraspinatus Tendinopathy?

Answer 18

Mineralization in the region of the tendon

Question 19

Meniscal Ossicles in Cats

Answer 19

Small mineralized opacities in feline stifle joints

Question 20

What results from Meniscal ossicles in cats?

Answer 20

cartilage erosion on medial condyle of femur due to mechanical interference

Question 21

How should the normal hip joint appear?

Answer 21

50% of femoral head covered by dorsal rim of acetabulum

Joint space cranial to acetabular fossa is perfectly congruent

Question 22

What is the earliest radiographic sign of hip dysplasia?

Answer 22

Joint laxity

Question 23

What are the two radigraphic screening methods for canine hip dysplasia?

Answer 23

OFA extended hip view

PennHIP

Question 24

OFA extended hip view

Answer 24

extended leg VD view of pelvis

Question 25

What is a problem with the OFA extended hip view?

Answer 25

Twisting of joint capsule tends to force femoral head into acetabulum

Question 26

What is an advantage of the PennHIP method?

Answer 26

Positioning does not place torque on joint capsule

a fulcrum between the thighs allows operator to apply lateral force to the hip joint

Question 27

Which hip evaluation provides a more robust method for earlier detection of hip dysplasia?

Answer 27

PennHIP method