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RUSVM Diagnostic Imaging 2016 > Bone > Flashcards

Bone Flashcards

1
Q

How many days between osteoid formation and mineralization?

A

12-15 days

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2
Q

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

A 
Support
Protection 
Movement facilitation 
Mineral storage
Storage of hematopoietic tissue
Lipid storage for energy
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3
Q

Physis

A

growth center for diaphysis

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4
Q

What disease has a predilection for the Epiphysis?

A

Osteochondrosis

Osteophytes

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5
Q

What disease has a predilection for the Physis?

A

Fractures

Premature Closure

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6
Q

What disease has a predilection for the Metaphysis?

A

Osteosarcoma
Hematogenous infection
Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy

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7
Q

What disease has a predilection for the Diaphysis?

A

Panosteitis

Fractire

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8
Q

What cells are found in the endosteum and periosteum?

A

Osteoprogenitor cells

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9
Q

What is the function of the Osteoprogenitor cells?

A

Remodeling and growth of bone cortex

Responisible for Osteogenesis during fracture repair

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10
Q

Where does intramembranous ossification take place?

A

Flat bones of skull

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11
Q

Metatarsal sequestrum

A

causes by disruption of periosteal bone supply with subsequent necrosis due to poor communication with endosteal blood supply

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12
Q

What develops from a sequestration that is not absorbed by the body?

A

Fistulous tracts

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13
Q

Wolff’s Law

A

Bone will respond to the stresses or strains placed or not placed on it

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14
Q

OC

A

Osteochondrosis

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15
Q

OCD

A

Osteochondrosis Dissecans

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16
Q

Osteochondrosis and Osteochondrosis dissecans

A

failure of endochondral ossification

17
Q

Where is the predication site for Osteochondrosis and Osteochondrosis dissecans in dogs?

A

Caudal Humeral head
Medial humeral condyle
Lateral and medial femoral condyle
Lateral and medial trochlea of talus

18
Q

What are the radiographic signs for Osteochondrosis and Osteochondrosis dissecans?

A

Flattening or concavity of subchondral bone
Adjacent sclerosis
+/- mineralized flap

19
Q

Joint Fragments (Mice)

A

Necrotic cartilage breaks free and attaches to synovium and becomes vascularized

20
Q

Dysplasia

A

Failure to develop properly

21
Q

What are the triad of developmental lesions of the elbow?

A

Ununited anconeal process
Fragmented medial coronoid
Osteochrondrosis of humeral condyle

22
Q

What are the three types of Incongruity?

A

Radioulnar length mismatch
Humeroulnar incongruity
Radioulnar incisure incongruity

23
Q

What is more accurate than radiographs in measuring incongruity?

A

CT and arthroscopy

24
Q

What is the treatment for Ununited Anconeal process?

A

Removal

Fixation + Ulnar osteotomy

25
Q

What are the radiographic signs of a fractured Medial Coronoid Process?

A

New bone formation on proximal aspect of anconeal process
Poor definition of cranial margin of medial coronoid process on lateral view
Medial coronoid process is blunted or rounded
Joint incongruity
Subchondral sclerosis of ulna trochlear notch
Secondary DJD

26
Q

What are the radiographic signs of Panosteitis?

A

Increased Medullary opacity
Lesion begins at nutrient foramen
Smooth continuous periosteal new bone occurs in a minority of patients
Cortical thickening can persist - remodeling

27
Q

What are the clinical signs of Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy?

A

Pyrexia
Malaise
Pain + swelling over metaphyseal region
Lameness

28
Q

What are the radiographic signs of Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy?

A

“Double Physis” Sign
Begins in metaphysis of tubular bones
irregular periosteal new bone formation along metaphysis
Physeal closure or retarded growth

29
Q

What breeds do you see Aseptic Necrosis of Femoral Head?

A

Adolescent Toy and Small breed dogs

30
Q

Aseptic Necrosis of Femoral Head (Legg-Calve-Perthes)

A

Compromised blood supply of femoral head causes bone necrosis while overlying cartilage continues to grow
Phagocytosis of necrotic bone during healing results in decreased opacity
Incomplete removal of necrotic bone and invasion of granulation tissues interferes with healing
Bone is weak and subject to microfracture

31
Q

What are the Radiographic signs of Aseptic Necrosis of the Femoral Head?

A

Lysis of femoral head/neck
Widening of joint space due to hyperplastic cartilage
Microfracture and deformation of femoral head
Secondary DJD and muscle atrophy

RUSVM Diagnostic Imaging 2016 (27 decks)

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