Heart Disease and Heart Failure Flashcards
What are the effects of the DV view?
Diaphragm moves cranially and pushes the heart to the left
Reduces lung volume
Which view is best for conspicuity of cranial lobe vessels?
Left Lateral
What do you need an echocardiogram to characterize?
Ventricular hypertrophy
Right Atrial Dilation
What causes Right ventricular hypertrophy?
Pulmonic Stenosis
Heartworm Disease
What will you see on a radiograph in a patient with Right ventricular hypertrophy?
Increased sternal contact
Elevation of the apex of the heart from sternum
Backward “D” shape
What changes are seen in a VD/DV view with Left Auricular dilation?
Pushed laterally by enlarged LA
Bulge on VD from 2:00-3:00
What changes are seen in a VD/DV view with Pulmonary Artery dilation?
Bulge on VD from 1:00-2:00
What changes are seen in a VD/DV view with Aortic Arch dilation?
Bulge on VD from 11:30-12:30
What changes are seen in a VD/DV view with Right Atrium dilation?
Bulge on VD from 9:30-11:30
What is the cause of Left Atrial Dilation?
Mitral Valve Disease
What cause Right Atrial Dilation?
Tricuspid Dysplasia
What does Left Atrial Dilation cause?
compression of the left branch of principle bronchi
What sign is seen on radiographs in associated with Large Left Atrium?
“Bow Legged Cowboy Sign”
What causes the Aortic Arch to be seen on radiographs?
congenital aortic stenosis
What causes the Pulmonary Artery to be seen on radiographs?
Heartworm disease
Pulmonic Stenosis
What is the order of vessels on a Lateral view?
Veins are ventral to arteries
What is the order of vessels on VD/DV view?
Veins medial to Arteries
What is the Rule of Thumb for Pulmonary Vessel size?
In DV view, vessels should be the same size as the right 9th rib at their point of intersection
If the vein is larger than the Artery?
Venous hypertension from mitral valve dysplasia
If the Artery is bigger than the vein?
Pulmonary Hypertension from heartworms or pulmonary fibrosis
If the Artery and vein are bigger than the 9th rib?
Left to Right Shunt
Fluid Overload
Fluid Retention
If the Artery and vein are smaller than the 9th rib?
Dehydration
Decreased Right ventricular output
What are the three patterns of Pulmonary edema?
Interstitial
Alveolar
Bronchial
Peritoneal pericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH)
anatomic defect between peritoneal and pericardial cavities allowing migration of organs
