Italy_revised-Jan-2013 Flashcards
To master Italian wine
Chianti DOCG sub zones
7 Rùfina (Firenze) Colli Fiorentini (Firenze) Montespertoli (Firenze) Colli Aretini (Arezzo) Colline Pisane (Pisa) Colli Senesi (Siena) Montalbano (Prato, Pistoia, Firenze)
Chianti DOCG cepage
70-100% Sangiovese, max 10% white, max 15% Cab Sauv+Cab Franc
Senesi min 75% Sangiovese, max 10% white until 2015, max 10% Cab Sauv+Cab Franc
Original villages of Chianti
Radda
Gaiole
Castellina
Greve
Soils of Chianti Classico
Galestro - soft marl
Alberese - sandstone
Galestro
Soil type of Chianti Classico
Marl-like, soft
Alberese
Soil type of Chianti Classico
Sandstone
Chianti Classico DOCG provinces
Provinces of Firenze and Siena
First Brunello producer
Biondi-Santi 1865
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG Subzones
3
Castelnuovo dell’Abate
San Angelo in Colle
Torrenieri
Rosso di Montalcino
DOC of Tuscany that shares boundaries of Brunello
100% Sangiovese Grosso (Brunello)
Released 12/1 of year following harvest
Sant’Antimo
DOC of Tuscany
Shares boundaries with Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
Vin Santo of Sant’Antimo aging
May be secco or amabile
Aged in caratelli min. 3 years, 4 for Riserva
Caratelli
Barrel
DOCs that share boundaries of Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
Rosso - 100% Sangiovese
Sant’Antimo - Super Tuscans, Vin Santo
Moscadello - min. 85% Moscato Bianco (still, sparkling, VT)
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano cepage
Min. 70% Prugnolo Gentile, Max. 30% Other varieties, no more than 5% white
Aging requirements for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
From January 1 of year following harvest:
Normale: Min. 2 years, A-all in wood, B-18 mos. in wood+6 mos. in alternative container, C-12 mos. in wood+6 in bottle+6 in alternative container
Riserva: Min. 3 years including at least 6 mos. in bottle
Carmignano DOCG cepage
red wine only
Min. 50% Sangiovese+10-20% Cab. Franc & Sauv., max 40% other varieties including max 10% of whites
September 29 in Italy
Feast of St. Michael
Release date for some wines: Carmignano
Elba Aleatico Passito
DOCG zone for 100% Aleatico (2011)
Min 10 days drying
Min 30% rs
Min 19% abv
Montecucco Sangiovese
DOCG zone in Grosseto province of Tuscany (2011)
Morellino di Scansano
DOCG zone in Grosseto province of Tuscany (2006)
Rosso della Val di Cornia
DOCG zone of Livorno & Pisa provinces of Tuscany (2011) including commune of Suvereto & others
Suvereto
DOCG zone in Livorno province, formerly sub zone of Val di Cornia (2011)
Vernaccia di San Gimignano cepage & abv
Italy’s first DOCG zone (1966)
Min. 85% Vernaccia di San Gimignano
Min. 11.5% abv, 12.5% for Riserva
Sassicaia producer & appellation
Subzone of DOC Bolgheri
Marquis Mario Rocchetta’s brainchild at Tenuta San Guido
Inaugural vintage 1968 as vino da tavola
Tignanello
Antinori’s barrique-aged Super Tuscan with 85% Sangiovese
1971 release
in Chianti Classico zone
Ornellaia
Bordeaux-based blend (Bolgheri)
Allowable styles for Bolgheri DOC
Bianco Rosso Rosso Superiore Rosato Vermentino (min. 85%) Sauvignon (min. 85%) Vin Santo Occhio di Pernice Sassicaia
Vin Santo
Traditional Tuscan dessert wine
White: Trebbiano & Malvasia (sometimes Grechetto)
Occhio di Pernice: min. 50% Sangiovese
Hung from rafters to dry according to each DOC
Slow fermentation and aging in caratelli for 3-8 years
Traditionally chestnut for rapid oxidisation
Alcohol concentrated through evaporation
May be dry or sweet
If labeled liquoroso, then fortified
Best with biscotti-not sweet
DOCG zones of Tuscany
(11) Chianti Chianti Classico Carmignano Morellino di Scansano Brunello di Montalcino Vino Nobile di Montepulciano Vernaccia di San Gimignano Elba Aleatico Passito Montecucco Sangiovese Suvereto Rosso della Val di Cornia
Lago di Corbara
DOC zone of Umbria with Tuffeau soils
Orvieto geography
DOC zone of Umbria & Lazio
Classico zone around town of Orvieto (7 communes) best
DOCGs of Umbria
Sagrantino di Montefalco (Secco & Passito)
Torgiano Rosso Riserva (min. 70% Sangiovese)
DOCG zones of Marche
(5) Vernaccia di Serrapetrona Conero Rosso Riserva Offida Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva
Rosso Piceno
DOC zone on Adriatic coast in Marches
Encapsulates Verdicchio di Castelli di Jesi & Conero DOCGs)
Lighter Sangiovese & Montepulciano blends
Menzioni Geografiche
Cru as in Verdicchio di Castelli di Jesi and Verdicchio di Metelica DOCs
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
DOC zone in Abruzzo for min 85% Montepulciano red
Colline Teramane
Essentially the Classico zone of Montepulciano d’Abruzzo and sole DOCG requiring 90% min. of grape
Bombino
Trebbiano d’Abruzzo
Lazio DOCGs
3
Cesanese del Piglio
Frascati Superiore
Cannellino di Frascati
Biferno
Best of four DOC zones in Molise
Red & rosato from Montepulciano & Aglianico
White from Trebbiano
Falerno del Massico
DOC zone in Campagna for Falanghina and Aglianico, Piedrosso & Primitivo
DOCG zones of Campania
4 Taurasi Fiano di Avellino Greco di Tufo Aglianico del Taburno
Falanghia del Sannio
Important DOC zone of Campania for 85% Falanghina
Apulia DOCGs
4-all awarded in 2011 Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva Castel del Monte Bombino Nero
Murgia Centrale
area in Puglia of 3 out of four DOCG zones Castel del Monte…
Aglianico del Vulture
DOC zone in Basilicata for Rosso & Rosso Spumante of 100% Aglianico
with Superiore having been upgraded to DOCG IN 2010
Cirò
DOC zone of Calabria
R/R- min. 95% Gaglioppo
B- min. 90% Greco, max. 10% Trebbiano
Zibibbo
Sicilian grape AKA Muscat of Alexandria
Sicily’s Indigenous white grapes
Catarratto Inzolia Grecanico Carricante Grillo
Etna
Important DOC zone of Sicily for:
R/R-min. 80% Nerello Mascalese
Bianco & Spumante too
Cerasuolo do Vittoria
Sicily’s only DOCG
50-70% Nero d’Avola
30-50% Frappato
Sardinia
Island with one DOCG at extreme north end: Vermentino di Gallura (min. 95%)
Offida
DOCG zone of Marche (2011)
Varietal Pecorino & Passerina
Rosso = min. 85% Montepulciano
aging requirements for Chianti DOCG
Earliest release date is March 1 following harvest (Montespertoli 6/1, Superiore, Fiorentini & Rufina 9/1)
Riserva min. 2 years from 1/1 after harvest with 6 months in oak for Fiorentini & Rufina, 8 months for Senesi
Chianti DOCG abv
11.5-12% min abv by subzone with 1/2% more for Riserva (1% more for Senesi)
Chianti Classico DOCG cepage
80-100% Sangiovese, max. 20% Colorino, Canaiolo Nero, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, from 2006 no white grapes
Chianti Classico DOCG abv
Min. 12% abv (12.5% for Riserva)
Governo all’uso Toscano
method of enrichment permitted in Chianti & Chianti Classico DOCGs
Chianti Classico DOCG aging
Release: 10/1 of year following harvest
Riserva: min. 24 mos. from 1/1 of year following harvest
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG aging
Min. 2 years in wood + 4 months in bottle, released 1/1 of 5th year following harvest
Riserva: min. 2 years in wood + 6 months in bottle, released 1/1 of 6th year following harvest
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG cepage & abv
100% Sangiovese Grosso (Brunello)
Min. abv 12.5%
cepage for Sant-Antimo
Allows for “Super Tuscans” from Brunello zone
Min. 85% of grape if varietally labelled
Rosso, Bianco, Vin Santo, Vin Santo Occhio di Pernice
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG aging
Aging from January 1 of year following harvest: Normale-min 2 years with options; Riserva-min. 3 years with at least 6 mos. in bottle
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG abv
Min. abv: 12.5%, 13% for Riserva
Vin Santo of Sant’Antimo cepage
From Brunello di Montalcino zone
Min. 70% Trebbiano Toscano &/or Malvasia Bianca
Occhio di Pernice: 50-70% Sangiovese+30-50% Malvasia Nera
Vin Santo of Sant’Antimo styles
Secco
Amabile
Occhio di Pernice
Carmignano DOCG aging & abv
Min. 12.5% abv
8 mos. in wood, 12 for Riserva
Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG cepage
Min. 90% Sangiovese
Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG aging
Min 1 year in wood + 4 mos in bottle, 2yrs wood + 6 mos in bottle for Riserva
Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG abv
13% min abv, 13.5% for Riserva
Morellino di Scansano DOCG cepage & abv
Min. 85% Sangiovese (Morellino)
Min. 12.5% abv, 13% for Riserva
Morellino di Scansano DOCG aging
Normale: released from March 1 of year following harvest
Riserva: min. 2 yrs. in barrel
Rosso della Val di Cornia DOCG cepage
Min. 40% Sangiovese, max. 60% Merlot & Cab. Sauv. combined, max. 20% other reds
Rosso della Val di Cornia DOCG aging & abv
Released May first of 2nd year following harvest, Jan 1 of 3rd year with oak aging for Riserva
Min 12.5% abv, 13% for Riserva
Suvereto DOCG cepage & abv
4 denominazione each with Riserva: Rosso (Cab. Sauv. &/or Merlot) Sangiovese Merlot Cab. Sauv. Min. 85% varietal Min. 12.5% abv, 13% for Riserva
Sassicaia cepage & aging
First “Super Tuscan”
Min. 80% Cabernet Sauvignon
Min. 2 yrs. aging with at least 18 mos. in barriques
Solaia
Antinori’s Cabernet-based blend (hilltop vineyard at Tignanello)
Masseto
Merlot-based blend from Tenuta Dell’Ornellaia (Bolgheri)
Paleo Rosso
Le Macchiole’s varietal Cabernet Franc (Bolgheri)
Le Pergole Torte
Montevertine’s 100% Sangiovese (Chianti zone)
Cepparello
Isola e Olena’s 100% Sangiovese (Chianti Classico zone)
Bolgheri Rosso Superiore DOC aging
min. 2 yrs. aging with one in wood
minimum required for varietal labeling in Bolgheri DOC
Vermentino (min. 85%)
Sauvignon (min. 85%)
Lago di Corbara styles
Rosso
Bianco
Varietal (min. 85%)
Most noted for good reds of Cab. Sauv, Merlot, Sangiovese, PN
Orvieto DOC cepage
Min. 40% Grechetto
20-40% Trebbiano Toscano or Procanico
Vernaccia di Serrapetrona
DOCG zone of Marche for sparkling reds, either dry or sweet
Marche appellations for Verdicchio & the difference between them
Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva (coastal)
Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva (high-altitude)
Conero Rosso Riserva
DOCG zone of Marche for min. 85% Montepulciano+Sangiovese
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG aging
2 years aging with one in wood
Cannellino di Frascati
DOCG in Lazio for late harvest Malvasia (2011)
Cesanese del Piglio
DOCG in Lazio for an indigenous red varietal
Frascati Superiore
DOCG zone in Lazio for still & sparkling Malvasia (2011)
Taurasi
DOCG zone of Campania for 85% Aglianico
Fiano di Avellino
DOCG zone of Campania for min. 85%, plus Trebbiani, Coda, Greco
Greco di Tufo
DOCG zone in Campania for min. 85%, max. 15% Coda di Volpe
Aglianico del Taburno
DOCG zone in Campania for 85% Aglianico
Falanghia del Sannio DOC styles
still sparkling classic method VT passito
Campi Flegrei
Important DOC zone in Campania for:
B-Falanghina
R-Piedrosso/Aglianico
Vesuvio
Important DOC zone in Campania for:
B-Verdeca/Coda di Volpe/Falanghina/Greco, R-Sciascinoso/Piedrosso/Aglianico
Ischia
Important DOC zone in Campania for:
B-Forastera/Biancolella
R-Guarnaccia/Piedrosso
Falerno del Massico
Important DOC zone in Campania for:
B-Falanghina
R-Aglianico/Piedrosso/Primitivo
Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale
DOCG zone in Puglia for:
min. 50g/L RS, 100% Primitivo
Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva
DOCG zone in Puglia for:
min. 65% Nero di Troia from Murgia Centrale region
Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva
DOCG zone in Puglia for:
min. 90% Nero di Troia from Murgia Centrale region
Castel del Monte Bombino Nero
DOCG zone in Puglia for:
min. 90% Bombino Nero from Murgia Centrale region
Aglianico del Vulture aging & abv
Superiore: 12 mos. each in barrel and bottle
Superiore Riserva: 24 mos. each in barrel & bottle
Min. 13.5% abv
Sicily’s Indigenous red grapes
Nero d'Avola (AKA Calabrese) Frappato Perricone Nerello Mascalese Nerello Cappuccio
Faro Rosso
Important DOC zone of Sicily for:
Nerello Mascalese, Nerello Cappuccio, max 25% others
Soave Superiore location & cepage
DOCG zone in Verona province of Veneto for min 70% Garganaga with max 30% combined Trebbiano di Soave, Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay
Soave Superiore Classico communes
Soave
Monteforte d’Alpone
Minimum abv for Soave
Superiore: 12%
Classico Superiore: 12%
Superiore Riserva: 12.5% with minimum 2 years age
Recioto: 16%
Recioto de Soave RS
70 g/L
orange wines
made from white varieties left in contact with skin, often Pinot Grigio or Ribolla Gialla
Gravner
producer of orange wines who ages them in amphorae in the ground in Friuli
Ramato
labeling term in Italy meaning copper-colored
Recioto di Gambellara
DOCG zone in Vicenza province of Veneto for 100% dried Garganega
Styles of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco
Tranquillo Frizzante Spumante Superiore Spumante Superiore w/ Rive Spumante Superiore di Cartizze
Treviso
province of Veneto where Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco is located
1 subzone: Cartizze
Cartizze
Subzone of Treviso in Veneto that can append Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore
ABV of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco
10.5%-11.5% depending on style/designation
Rive
one of 43 hillside vineyard names that can append Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco Spumante Superiore DOCG
must be vintage dated & hand-harvested
Glera
main grape of Prosecco
min. 85% required
Sweetness levels of Prosecco
Frizzante: Secco-Amabile
Spumante: all but Extra Brut & Dolce
Asolo Prosecco
AKA: Colli Asolani in Treviso (Veneto)
Asolo Prosecco cepage & styles
Min. 85% Glera
Frizzante (secco to amabile)
Spumante Superiore (all but Extra Brut & Dolce)
Bardolino
zone in Verona province of Veneto
Superiore is DOCG
Bardolino Superiore DOCG cepage
35-65% Corvina Veronese
10-40% Rondinella
Bardolino Superiore Classico communes
6 Bardolino Garda Lazise Affi Costermano Cavaion
Minimum ABV for Bardolino Classico Superiore DOCG
12%
Piave Malanotte
DOCG zone in Veneto for red wines of Raboso
(min. 70% Raboso Piave, max. 30% Raboso Veronese)
15-30% must undergo apassimento
Raboso
Italian red grape in DOCGs of:
Piave Malanotte
Friularo di Bagnoli
Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio
DOCG zone in Veneto for sweet Moscato Giallo
Styles of Colli di Conegliano
6 Bianco Rosso Rosso Riserva Refrontolo Refontolo Passito Torchiato di Fregona
Refrontolo
DOCG in Colli di Conegliano (Veneto) for Marzemino
Also Refrontolo Passito
Torchiato di Fregona
DOCG of Colli di Conegliano for dried white grape wine of Glera, Verdiso & Boschera
min 18% abv
Montello Rosso
DOCG zone of Veneto for Rosso and Rosso Superiore based on Cab. Sauv. with other Bordeaux varieties
DOCGs of the Veneto for sparkling wine
5 Colli Euganei Fior d'Arancio Spumante Cogneglio Valdobbiadene Prosecco Asolo Prosecco Recioto della Valpolicella Recioto di Soave
DOCGs of the Veneto for red table wine
7 Piave Malanotte Montella Rosso Bardolino Superiore Colli Conegliano Colli Conegliano Refrontolo Friularo di Bagnoli Amarone della Valpolicella
DOCGs of the Veneto for still sweet wine
6 Colli Euganei Fior d'Arancio Recioto di Soave Recioto di Gambellara Recioto della Valpolicella Colli Conegliano Refrontolo Passito Colli Conegliano Torchiato di Fregona
DOCGs of the Veneto for white table wine
5 Colli Euganei Fior d'Arancio Soave Superiore Cogneglio Valdobbiadene Prosecco Asolo Prosecco Colli Conegliano
Lison
DOCG zone of Veneto for white wine of min. 85% Friulano
Tai
synonym for Friulano in Veneto
Min ABV & RS for Recioto di Soave
16% ABV
70 g/L RS
Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG cepage
45-95% Corvina Veronese
5-30% Rondinella
Communes of Valpolicella Classico
5 Fumane Negrar Marano Sant'Ambrogio San Pietro in Cariano
Valpantena
subzone of Valpolicella outside of Classico zone
Min. ABV for Recioto della Valpolicella
14%
Amarone della Valpolicella aging
min. 2 years
Riserva min. 4 years
Amarone della Valpolicella ABV & RS
14% min. ABV, max. 12 g/L RS
max. RS increases with ABV
Bardolino
DOC zone in Veneto for rosato and rosso
Superiore is DOCG
Bianco di Custoza
DOC zone in Veneto for white wines only of Trebbiano and Garganega
Breganze
DOC zone in Veneto for: white red varietal Torcolato
Torcorlato
Passito-style wine made from varietal Vespolaia
Gambellara
DOC zone for Garganega-based white wine and Vin Santo with same boundaries as Recioto di Gambellara DOCG
Soave DOC cepage
min. 70% Garganega with Trebbiano & Chardonnay
Soave Classico zones
Soave
Monteforte d’Alpone
Colli Scaligeri
Soave DOC subzone
Valpolicella Ripasso DOC method
fermented wine is repassed over unpressed skins of Amarone or Recioto grapes and refermented
Valpolicella Ripasso DOC aging
released January 1 of 2nd year following harvest
Tow what does “Superiore” refer in Valpolicella?
min. 1 year aging
extra degree of alcohol
Valpolicella Ripasso DOC ABV
min. 12.5%, 13% for Superiore
Romano dal Forno
modernist producer of Valpolicella/Amarone located in Illasi valley
Allegrini
modernist producer of Valpolicella/Amarone
Quintarelli
traditionalist producer of Valpolicella/Amarone
botti
large Slovenian casks used by traditionalist producers in Valpolicella
fruttai
special lofts for drying grapes in apassimento process
apassimento
process by which grapes are dried before fermentation concentrating sugar and extract
Tre Venezia
AKA: Triveneto refers to three regions in Italy's NE: Veneto Trentino-Alto Adige Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Illasi
valley in eastern part of Valpolicella zone where Dal Forno is located
“4 fingers”
refers to four valleys nears Lake Garda in western part of DOC Valpolicella zone
surrond five classico communes
DOCs of Friuli shared with Veneto
Lison-Pramaggiore
Prosecco
Garda
DOC zone shared by Veneto & Lombardia for Riesling/Riesling Italico
Gropello
red variety used for rose and rosso in Lombardia
Gropello Classico Riserva has min. 2 years aging
required minimum percentage for MOST DOC varietal wines
85%
Allowable varieties in Prosecco
min. 85% Prosecco (Glera)
max. 15% combined:
Verdiso
Bianchetta
Perera
Glera Lunga
Chardonnay
Pinot Bianco
Pinot Grigio
Pinot Nero (pressed white)
rifermentazione in bottiglia
required label language when classic method Prosecco
Rosazzo
DOCG zone (2011) of Friuli for blended white of: min. 50% Friulano Sauvignon, with Pinot Bianco & Chardonnay
Lugana
DOC for Trebbiano di Soave between Lombardy & Veneto
DOCGs of Friuli
3
Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit
Ramandolo
Rosazzo
Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit
DOCG zone in Friuli for:
passito method varietal Picolit
Ramandolo
DOCG zone in Friuli for:
passito method varietal Verduzzo Giallo
Colli Orientali del Friuli
DOC zone of Friuli for white and red
Picolit
Picolit Cialla
Picolit Cialla Riserva
passito method Picolit is DOCG
Schiava
AKA Vernatsch
major red grape of Trentino-Alto Adige
Santa Maddelena
subzone in Alto Adige for varietal Schiava
Marzemino
major red grape of Trentino-Alto Adige
genetic parent of Teroldego
principal varietal in Colli di Conegliano Refrontolo DOCG
Casteller
DOC zone in Trentino for:
min. 50% Merlot
Trento
AKA Trentino
Italian-speaking southern of 2 provinces in Trentino-Alto Adige
Bolzano-Bozen
AKA Alto Adige, Sudtirol
German-speaking northern of 2 provinces in Trentino-Alto Adige
Valdadige
multi-regional DOC encapsulating Trentino-Alto Adige & Verona (Veneto)
Lambrusco
grape with more than 60 subvarieties
most often made into sparkling styles-dry to sweet
DOCs for Lambrusco
1 in Lombardia: Lambrusco Montovano 4 in Emilia-Romagna: Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro Lambrusco di Sorbara Lambrusco Reggiano Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce
muffa noble
Italian for Botrytis
DOCGs of Emilia-Romagna
Romagna Albana (renamed) Colli Bolognese Classico Pignoletto (2011)
Albana di Romagna
DOCG zone in Emilia-Romagna-Italy’s first for white wine, min. 95%
produced in a range of styles
Scanzo
DOCG zone around Bergamo in Lombardia for sweet, passito method wines from Moscato di Scanzo (red)
Moscato di Scanzo DOCG ABV & RS
min. 17% abv
50-100 g/L RS
Moscato di Scanzo DOCG aging
dried for min. 21 days
min. 2 years aging
DOCGs of Lombardia
5 Franciacorta Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico Scanzo/Moscato di Scanzo Sforzato di Valtellina Valtellina Superiore
Sforzato di Valtellina
DOCG zone in Sondrio province of Lombardia for min. 90% Chiavennasca dried until max 50% of original juice remains
Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG aging & ABV
min. 20 months with 12 in wood
min. 14/5 ABV
Valtellina Superiore
DOCG zone in Lombardia for Chiavennasca (min. 90%)
Valtellina Superiore DOCG aging
min. 24 months with 12 in cask
Riserva min. 36 months
Valtellina Superiore DOCG subzones
Valgella Infermo Grumello Sassella Maroggia
stagafassli
labeling term for Valtellina Superiore wines bottled in Switzerland
Chiavennasca
Nebbiolo in Valtellina
lighter and more angular than in Piedmont
Sweetness levels of Franciacorta DOCG
Dossagio Zero: 0 g/L Extra Brut: 0-6 g/L Brut: 0-12 g/L Extra Dry: 12-17 g/L Sec: 17-32 g/L Demi-sec: 32-50 g/L Dolce: 50+ g/L
Types of Franciacorta
5 Franciacorta Saten Rose Millesimato Riserva
Types of Franciacorta for which all sweetness levels are permitted
2
Franciacorta
Rose
Sweetness levels permitted for Franciacorta Riserva
3
Dossaggio Zero
Extra Brut
Brut
Franciacorta Rose cepage
min. 25% Pinot Nero
max. 50% Pinot Bianco
Chardonnay
By what method is rose made in Franciacorta?
blending
vinifying white then adding back still Pinot Nero for color
methods to make rose wine
3
Saignee
Blending
Skin contact
Franciacorta Saten
made from white grapes only with a maximum of 50% Pinot Bianco
Brut (0-12 g/L) is the only sweetness level permitted.
Max. of 5 atmospheres of pressure.
What percentage of Pinot Bianco is permitted in Franciacorta by style?
In all Franciacorta, a maximum of 50% Pinot Bianco is permitted.
What is the minimum ABV for Franciacorta?
11.5%
Which styles of Franciacorta are vintage dated and what percentage of the wine must be from the stated vintage?
Millesimato & Riserva
min. 85%
Franciacorta DOCG cepage
max 50% Pinot Bianco
min. 50% Pinot Nero & Chardonnay
Franciacorta that requires a minimum of 25% Pinot Nero
Rose
Millesimato
Riserva
Franciacorta DOCG aging
18 on lees, 25 total (months)
Franciacorta Saten DOCG aging
24 on lees, 31 total (months)
Franciacorta Rose DOCG aging
24 on lees, 31 total (months)
Franciacorta Millesimato DOCG aging
30 on lees, 37 total (months)
Franciacorta Riserva DOCG aging
60 on lees, 67 total (months)
Still wine appellations of Franciacorta
Curtefranca DOC
Sebino IGT
Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG cepage
min. 70% Pinot Nero
max. combined:
Chardonnay
Pinot Grigio
Pinot Bianco
Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG aging
non-vintage: min. 15 months on lees
Millesimato: min. 24 months on lees
Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG permitted varietals
Pinot Nero
Chardonnay
Pinot Grigio
Pinot Bianco
Pinot Nero in Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG
min. 70%
if labeled Pinot Nero or Pinot Nero Rose, min. 85%
Brachetto d’Acqui
DOCG in Piedmont for red wine only
rosso, sparkling, passito
Subzone of Langhe DOC
1
Nascetta del Comune di Novello
Percentage of stated variety for Langhe DOC varietal wines
100
Styles for Langhe DOC
Rosso
Bianco
Varietal
Permitted red varieties for Langhe DOC
Nebbiolo
Dolcetto
Freisa
Permitted white varieties for Langhe DOC
Arneis
Favorita
Chardonnay
Riesling
Styles for Monferrato DOC
Rosso
Bianco
Chiaretto
Varietal
Percentage of stated varietal required for Monferrato DOC
85
Nebbiolo d’Alba
Rosso
Rosso Superiore
Spumante Rosso
Spumante Rose
What are the permitted methods for Nebbiolo d’Alba Spumante?
Metodo Classico
Metodo Martinotti
Metodo Marinotti
charmat method
Strevi
DOC zone near Asti for Moscato Bianco varietal wines
Picotendro
Italian synonym for Nebbiolo in Valle d’Aosta
Picoutener
French synonym for Nebbiolo in Valle d’Aosta
Malvoisie
synonym for Pinot Grigio in Valle d’Aosta
Favorita
synonym for Vermentino in Piedmont
Carema
DOC zone in Piedmont for red wine only of min. 85% Nebbiolo
Carema DOC aging
Rosso: min. 3 years, 2 in wood
Rosso Riserva: min. 4 years, 2 1/2 in wood+1 in bottle
Subzones of Valle d’Aosta for Nebbiolo
Arnad Monjovet
Donnas
Subzones of Valle d’Aosta for Petit Rouge
Enfer d’Arvier
Torette
Subzones of Valle d’Aosta for white wine only
Blanc de Morgez et de la Salle
Subzones of Valle d’Aosta for red & white wine
Chambave
Nus
Subzones of Valle d’Aosta
7 Arnad Monjovet Blanc de Morgez et de la Salle Chambave Donnas Enfer d'Arvier Nus Torrette
Premetta
grape varietal permitted in Valle d’Aosta for rose
principal varieties of Liguria
Pigato
Ormeasco
Rossesse
Bosco
Pigato
synonym for Vermentino in Liguria
Ormeasco
synonym for Dolcetto in Liguria
Rossesse di Dolceacqua
important DOC in Liguria for varietal Rossesse
Colli di Luna
important DOC in Liguria for Pigato
Cinque Terre
important DOC in Liguria for mainly Bosco
Alta Langa
DOCG zone (2010) in Piedmont for traditional method sparkling wine of min. 90% combined Pinot Nero & Chardonnay
Subzones of Moscato d’Asti DOCG
3
Canelli
Strevi
Santa Vittoria d’Alba
Denominations of Moscato d’Asti DOCG
Asti Spumante
Asti Metodo Classico
Moscato d’Asti
Moscato d’Asti Vendemmia Tardiva
What is the cepage of Moscato d’Asti DOCG?
100% Moscato Bianco
What is the maximum pressure under which Moscato d’Asti can be bottled?
2 atmospheres
Erbaluce di Caluso
DOCG zone of Piedmont for 100% Erbaluce Bianco Spumante Passito Passito Riserva
Gavi
DOCG zone in Piedmont for 100% Cortese in Tranquillo, Frizzante or Spumante
DOCGs for Dolcetto in Piedmont
3
Dogliani (normale & superiore)
Diano d’Alba (normale & superiore)
di Ovada Superiore (superiore only for DOCG)
Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato
DOCG zone in Asti province for 90% Ruche with max 10% Barbera & Brachetto
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
DOCG zone with over 200 communes of production for oak-aged min. 85% Barbera with max. 15% Freisa, Dolcetto, Grignolino
Can designate “vigna”
Barbera d’Asti DOCG cepage
85-100% Barbera
also allowed: Freisa, Grignolino, Dolcetto
Colli Astiani
can append Barbera d’Asti Superiore
requires 90-100% Barbera
Barbera d’Asti DOCG aging
Normale: 4 months
Superiore: 14 months with min. 6 in oak
Superiore Nizza: 18 months with min. 6 in wood
Superiore Tinella: 24 months with min. 6 in wood & min. 6 in bottle
Superiore Colli Astiani: 24 months with min. 6 in wood & min. 6 in bottle
Barbera d’Asti DOCG subzones
All “superiore”
Nizza
Tinella
Colli Astiani
Sori
Piedmontese dialect for prized southern exposure
Barbera-based DOCGs in Piedmont
2
Barbera d’Asti
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
Where is Barbaresco?
on Tanaro River in Cuneo province in Piedmont
Barbaresco DOCG communes
4 Barbaresco Neive Treiso (frazione of Barbaresco) San Rocco Senodelvio (part of Alba)
Barbaresco DOCG denominations
4 Barbaresco Barbaresco Riserva Barbaresco with "menzioni geografiche aggiuntive" Barbaresco with "mga" & "vigna"
Barbaresco DOCG aging
Normale: min. 26 months with min. 9 in cask
Riserva: min. 50 months with min. 9 in cask
Barbaresco DOCG ABV
12.5%
Barbaresco DOCG cepage
100% Nebbiolo
100% from designated vineyard when used
clones of Nebbiolo
Michet
Rose
Lampia
Where is Barolo?
on Tanaro river in Cuneo province of Piedmont
Barolo DOCG communes
11 total with 90% centered around 5 main: La Morra Barolo Serralunga d'Alba Monforte d'Alba Castiglione Faletto
Barolo DOCG aging
Normale: 38 months with min. 18 in wood
Riserva: 62 months with min. 18 in wood
Barolo DOCG denominations
5 Barolo Barolo Riserva Barolo with "mga" Barolo with "mga" & "vigna" Barolo Chinato
Barolo DOCG ABV
13%
Roero DOCG aging
Rosso only
Normale: min. 20 months with 6 in wood
Riserva: min. 32 months with 6 in wood
Roero DOCG cepage
min. 95% Nebbiolo or Arneis with max 5% other non-aromatic indigenous varietals of same color
Roero DOCG denominations
4 Roero (rosso) Rosso Riserva (rosso) Roero Arneis Roero Arneis Spumante
Where is Roero?
across Tanaro River from Barolo/Barbaresco in Cuneo province
Spanna
synonym for Nebbiolo in Gattinara & Ghemme
Gattinara
DOCG zone north of Po R. valley in Piedmont
Gattinara DOCG cepage
min. 90% Spanna, also
Bonarda di Gattinara & Vespolina
Gattinara DOCG aging
Normale: min. 3 years with 1 in wood
Riserva: min. 4 years with 2 in wood
Gattinara DOCG ABV
Normale: 12.5%
Riserva: 13%
Ghemme DOCG cepage
min. 75% Spanna with Vespolina & Uva Rara
Ghemme DOCG aging
Normale: min. 3 years with 20 mos. in wood, 9 mos. in bottle
Riserva: min. 4 years with 25 mos. in wood, 9 mos. in bottle
Ghemme DOCG ABV
Normale: 12.5%
Riserva: 13%
Romagnano Sesia
one of two communes of production for Ghemme DOCG (Ghemme is other)
Uva Rara
AKA Bonarda Novarese
red grape variety of Piedmont blended at up to 25% with Vespolaia in Ghemme DOCG
Nebbiolo-based DOCGs of Piedmont
5 Barolo Barbaresco Roero Gattinara Ghemme
Indigenous red grapes of Piedmont
Barbera Dolcetto Nebbiolo Brachetto Grignolino Ruche Croatina Vespolina Freisa
Indigenous white grapes of Piedmont
Moscato Bianco Cortese Arneis Erbaluce Favorita
Barolo Chinato
DOCG aromatized wine flavored with quinine
menzioni geografiche aggiuntive
added geographic areas (crus) permitted to append Barbaresco, Barolo, et. al.
Soil types in Barolo
Tortonian
Helvetian
Kretzer
term for rosato in Trentino
Teraldego Rotaliano
DOC zone in Trento province for 100% Teroldego
Rubino
term for red wine in Trentino
Best DOC zones of Friuli
Collio (Collio Goriziano)
Colli Orientali del Friuli
Grave del Friuli
Key crus of Treiso
Pajore (mostly owned by Gaja)
Valeirano
Bricco di Treiso
Key crus of Neive
Gallina
Starderi
Basarin
Seraboella
Key crus of Barbaresco
Rabaja-Bas (smallest in zone)
Asili (borders Martinenga)
Martinenga
Roncagliette
Martinenga, commune & subzones
Commune: Barbaresco
Subzones: Gaiun, Camp Gros
Roncagliette, commune & subzones
Commune: Barbaresco
Subzones: Sori Tildin, Costa Russi
Bussia
Cru of Monforte d’Alba
Monprivato
Cru of Castiglione Faletto
San Rocco
Cru of Serralunga d’Alba
Azelia
Roncaglie
Cru of La Morra
Roncaglie, commune & subzones
Commune: La Morra
Subzones: Roncaglie Soprano, Roncaglie Sottano
Sarmassa
Cru of Barolo
Communes of Barolo
90% over 5 main: La Morra Barolo Serralunga d'Alba Castiglione Faletto Monforte d'Alba
6 others: Diano d'Alba Novello Verduno Grinsane Cavour Cherasco Roddi
Terre di Cosenza
New DOC in Calabria replacing 7 DOCs & IGTs, which are now all legal subzones
Calosso
new DOP in Piemonte for dry and passito reds from Gamba Rossa
Gutturnio
New DOP of Emilia-Romagna for Barbera-based reds
Former subzone of Colli Piacentini
Vigneti delle Serenissima
new DOP in Veneto for traditional method spumante of Chard/PN/PB
Terre di Pisa
New Tuscan DOP for Bordeaux blends & varietal Sangiovese
Maremma Toscana
New Tuscan DOP for many permitted styles
Cagliari
New DOP on Sardegna that absorbed Monica di Cagliari, Moscato di Cagliari & Malvasia di Cagliari
Valtenesi
DOP zone intedned to replace Garda Classico subzone of Garda DOP
Verduno Pelaverga
AKA: Verduno Rosso
Min. 85% Pelaverga
DOC zone of Langhe that overlaps the northern half of Barolo, including the communes of Verduno, Roddi, and La Morra
Monopoles of Italy
Martinenga (Barbaresco) Marchesi di Gresy
Verduno Pelaverga
AKA: Verduno Rosso
Min. 85% Pelaverga
DOC zone of Langhe that overlaps the northern half of Barolo, including the communes of Verduno, Roddi, and La Morra
Monopoles of Italy
Martinenga (Barbaresco) Marchesi di Gresy
Bricco San Pietro
Cru of Monforte d’Alba
Monvigliero
Cru of Verduna
Scavino
Rocche di Castiglione
Cru of Casiglione Falletto
Fiasco
Also Bric del Fiasc
Cru of Casiglione Falletto
Azelia, Scavino
Villero
Cru of Casiglione Falletto
Vietti
Lazzarito
Cru of Serralunga
Scavino
Bricco Ambrogio
Cru of Roddi
Scavino
Ceretta
Cru of Serralunga d’Alba
Ceretto
Rocche dell’Annuziata
Cru of La Morra
Scavino
Brunate
Cru of La Morra
Vietti
Cerequio
Cru of La Morra
Michele Chiarlo
Cannubi
most prestigious Cru of Barolo Michele Chiarlo Ceretto Damilano Marchesi di Barolo Paolo Scavino Luigi Einaudi E. Pira
Brunate
Cru of Barolo
Ceretto
Marcarini
Marcenasco
Cru of La Morra
Ratti
Mariondino
Cru Castiglione Falletto
Parusso
Monprivato
Cru of Castiglione Falletto
Mascarello
Excellent vintages for Piedmont in the 2000s
2000 2001 2004 2009 2010
Excellent vintages for Piedmont in the 1990s
1990
1998
Excellent vintages for Piedmont in the 1980s
1982
1985
Excellent vintages for Piedmont in the 1970s
1971
1978
Really bad Piedmont vintages
2002 1984 1977 1976 1973 1972
Excellent vintages for Tuscany in the 2000s
2001 2004 2006 2007 2009 2010
Excellent vintages for Tuscany in the 1990s
1990
1997
Excellent vintages for Tuscany in the 1980s
1988
Excellent vintages for Tuscany in the 1970s
1970
1975
1978
Really bad Tuscany vintages
2002
1976
1972
Earlier EPIC Piedmont vintages
1922 1931 1947 1958 1961 1964