Introduction to Immune System

Question 1

Study of Immune System and its mechanism

Answer 1

Immunology

Question 2

2 Functions of Immune System

Answer 2

1. Discriminate self from non-self

2. Eliminate non-self components

Question 3

Roles of Immune system

Answer 3

Defend or protect against invading microorganism

Recognize and Respond to eliminate non-self component

Question 4

Consequences of Immune System

Answer 4

Hypersensitivity Reactions (Allergy)
Graft rejection
Autoimmune diseases

Question 5

Father of Immunology

Answer 5

Edward Jenner

Question 6

Describe the process of phagocytosis

Answer 6

Ernst Hickel

Question 7

Cellular Theory of Immunity through Phagocytosis

Answer 7

Elie Metchnikoff

Question 8

Humoral Theory which was first proposed by:

Answer 8

Emil adolf von Behring

Shibasaburo Kitasato

Question 9

Antibody Formation Theory

Answer 9

Paul Ehrlich

Question 10

Innate Immunity

Answer 10

Present & active at Birth
Non-specific
Without memory

Question 11

Adaptive/Acquired Immunity

Answer 11

Present at Birth
Specific
With Memory

Question 12

True or False. Innate Immunity produces antibodies

Answer 12

False

Question 13

True or False. Active Adaptive Immunity receives antibodies.

Answer 13

False. Active adaptive Immunity produces it own antibodies

Question 14

True or False. Passive Adaptive Immunity produces its own antibody.

Answer 14

False. Passive Adaptive only receives antibody.

Question 15

Present when body is having infection due to diseases or illness.

Answer 15

Natural Active Adaptive Immunity

Question 16

Present when body receives antigen when inoculated with a vaccine, producing antibody.

Answer 16

Artificial Active Adaptive Antibody

Question 17

Present when the body only receives antibodies from the mother through breastfeeding (Mother-to-Child)

Answer 17

Natural Passive Adaptive Immunity

Question 18

Present when body receives antibody (ex. anti-rabies, anti-tetanus)

Answer 18

Artificial Passive Adaptive Immunity

Question 19

Phase/Time which there is no action yet/activity first of the body to antigens of adaptive immunity.

Answer 19

Lag Phase

Question 20

True or False. Adaptive Immunity are specific and diverse, that only respond to particular antigen that stimulated its response.

Answer 20

True.

Question 21

First line of Defence

Answer 21

Anatomical Barriers
Normal Flora
Genetic Influence

Question 22

Second Line of Defense

Answer 22

Cellular Factors

Question 23

Third Line of Defense

Answer 23

Lymphocytes

Antibodies

Question 24

More RAPID Body defense mechanism

Answer 24

Second Line of Defense

Question 25

Third line of Defense has a __________ mechanism of action.

Answer 25

Third line of Defense has a SLOWER mechanism of action.

Question 26

Third Line of Defense Cellular: Humoral:

Answer 26

Third Line of Defense Cellular: Lymphocytes Humoral: Antibodies

Question 27

ONLY WBCs not involved in second line of defense

Answer 27

Lymphocytes

Question 28

Cells involved in Allergic Reactions

Answer 28

Basophils | Eosinophils

Question 29

Cells involved in Phagocytosis

Answer 29

NK cells PMNs Monocyte-Macrophage

Question 30

Major inflammatory mediator released by Basophils

Answer 30

Histamine

Question 31

Basophils contains inflammatory mediators: 1. 2. 3.

Answer 31

Basophils contains inflammatory mediators: 1. Histamine 2. Heparin 3. Eosinophil chemotactic factor

Question 32

Cell involved in Parasitic Infection

Answer 32

Eosinophil

Question 33

Receptors of Eosinophils

Answer 33

FcER

Question 34

Cell of the INNATE involved in killing virally infected cells and tumor cells

Answer 34

NK Cells

Question 35

Scavenger cells

Answer 35

Monocyte-macrophage

Question 36

Predominant WBC in Blood

Answer 36

Neutrophils (PMNs)

Question 37

Most POTENT antigen presenting cells

Answer 37

Dendritic Cells

Question 38

APCs

Answer 38

Dendritic Cells Macrophage B cells

Question 39

Site the Location ``` Kuppfer Microglial Histiocytes Alveolar Macrophage Splenic Macrophage Mesangial ```

Answer 39

Site the Location ``` Kupffer - Liver Microglial - CNS Histiocytes - Connective Tissues Alveolar Macrophage - Lungs Splenic Macrophage - Spleen Mesangial - Kidneys ```

Question 40

External immune defense system

Answer 40

First line of defense

Question 41

Components of the Anatomical Barrier

Answer 41

``` Skin Cillia Mucus Gastric acid Earwax Tears, Saliva Urine pH, Flushing ```

Question 42

___________ prevents the multiplication of pathogens

Answer 42

Resident flora

Question 43

Resident Flora Skin: Oral Cavity: Intestines: Vagina:

Answer 43

Resident Flora Skin: S. epidermidis Oral Cavity: alpha hemolytic streptococcus, Viridans group Intestines: Bacteriodes Vagina: L. acidophiullus

Question 44

____________ have phenotypic expressions that affect the external immune defense system

Answer 44

Genetic influences

Question 45

Factors in the Genetic influence

Answer 45

Duffy null phenotype, P1 antigen | Inherited HLAs-b27: Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 46

Internal Defense System

Answer 46

Second Line of defense

Question 47

Primary response of the second line of defense

Answer 47

Phagocytosis

Question 48

Cellular Components in the 2nd line of defense

Answer 48

``` PMNs Monocyte/Macrophage Eosinophil Basophil/Mast cells NK cells Dendritic cells APCs ```

Question 49

Humoral components in the 2nd line of defense

Answer 49

``` APRs TNF Cytokines INF Betalysins Complement ```