Introduction to Immune System Flashcards
Study of Immune System and its mechanism
Immunology
2 Functions of Immune System
- Discriminate self from non-self
2. Eliminate non-self components
Roles of Immune system
Defend or protect against invading microorganism
Recognize and Respond to eliminate non-self component
Consequences of Immune System
Hypersensitivity Reactions (Allergy)
Graft rejection
Autoimmune diseases
Father of Immunology
Edward Jenner
Describe the process of phagocytosis
Ernst Hickel
Cellular Theory of Immunity through Phagocytosis
Elie Metchnikoff
Humoral Theory which was first proposed by:
Emil adolf von Behring
Shibasaburo Kitasato
Antibody Formation Theory
Paul Ehrlich
Innate Immunity
Present & active at Birth
Non-specific
Without memory
Adaptive/Acquired Immunity
Present at Birth
Specific
With Memory
True or False. Innate Immunity produces antibodies
False
True or False. Active Adaptive Immunity receives antibodies.
False. Active adaptive Immunity produces it own antibodies
True or False. Passive Adaptive Immunity produces its own antibody.
False. Passive Adaptive only receives antibody.
Present when body is having infection due to diseases or illness.
Natural Active Adaptive Immunity
Present when body receives antigen when inoculated with a vaccine, producing antibody.
Artificial Active Adaptive Antibody
Present when the body only receives antibodies from the mother through breastfeeding (Mother-to-Child)
Natural Passive Adaptive Immunity
Present when body receives antibody (ex. anti-rabies, anti-tetanus)
Artificial Passive Adaptive Immunity
Phase/Time which there is no action yet/activity first of the body to antigens of adaptive immunity.
Lag Phase
True or False. Adaptive Immunity are specific and diverse, that only respond to particular antigen that stimulated its response.
True.
First line of Defence
Anatomical Barriers
Normal Flora
Genetic Influence
Second Line of Defense
Cellular Factors
Third Line of Defense
Lymphocytes
Antibodies
More RAPID Body defense mechanism
Second Line of Defense
Third line of Defense has a __________ mechanism of action.
Third line of Defense has a SLOWER mechanism of action.
Third Line of Defense
Cellular:
Humoral:
Third Line of Defense
Cellular: Lymphocytes
Humoral: Antibodies
ONLY WBCs not involved in second line of defense
Lymphocytes
Cells involved in Allergic Reactions
Basophils
Eosinophils
Cells involved in Phagocytosis
NK cells
PMNs
Monocyte-Macrophage
Major inflammatory mediator released by Basophils
Histamine
Basophils contains inflammatory mediators:
1.
2.
3.
Basophils contains inflammatory mediators:
- Histamine
- Heparin
- Eosinophil chemotactic factor
Cell involved in Parasitic Infection
Eosinophil
Receptors of Eosinophils
FcER
Cell of the INNATE involved in killing virally infected cells and tumor cells
NK Cells
Scavenger cells
Monocyte-macrophage
Predominant WBC in Blood
Neutrophils (PMNs)
Most POTENT antigen presenting cells
Dendritic Cells
APCs
Dendritic Cells
Macrophage
B cells
Site the Location
Kuppfer Microglial Histiocytes Alveolar Macrophage Splenic Macrophage Mesangial
Site the Location
Kupffer - Liver Microglial - CNS Histiocytes - Connective Tissues Alveolar Macrophage - Lungs Splenic Macrophage - Spleen Mesangial - Kidneys
External immune defense system
First line of defense
Components of the Anatomical Barrier
Skin Cillia Mucus Gastric acid Earwax Tears, Saliva Urine pH, Flushing
___________ prevents the multiplication of pathogens
Resident flora
Resident Flora
Skin:
Oral Cavity:
Intestines:
Vagina:
Resident Flora
Skin: S. epidermidis
Oral Cavity: alpha hemolytic streptococcus, Viridans group
Intestines: Bacteriodes
Vagina: L. acidophiullus
____________ have phenotypic expressions that affect the external immune defense system
Genetic influences
Factors in the Genetic influence
Duffy null phenotype, P1 antigen
Inherited HLAs-b27: Ankylosing spondylitis
Internal Defense System
Second Line of defense
Primary response of the second line of defense
Phagocytosis
Cellular Components in the 2nd line of defense
PMNs Monocyte/Macrophage Eosinophil Basophil/Mast cells NK cells Dendritic cells APCs
Humoral components in the 2nd line of defense
APRs TNF Cytokines INF Betalysins Complement
