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Complement System Flashcards

1
Q

Enzymes of proteinase which are heat-labile series of 18 plasma proteins

A

COMPLEMENT SYSTEM (C’)

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2
Q

True or False. Complement system are NON-SPECIFIC proteins, therefore, part of Innate Immunity

A

True

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3
Q

small letter after the number indicates that the protein is a smaller protein resulting from the cleavage of a larger precursor by a protease

A

Fragments

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4
Q

True or False. “a” is denoted as bigger fragments

A

False. ‘a’ means “ang gaan”, therefore smaller fragment

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5
Q

True or False. “b” is denoted as smaller fragments

A

False. ‘b’ means”BIGAT”, therefore Bigger fragment

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6
Q

Fixation/Inactivation of C’ proteins

A

56 C for 30 mins

61 C for 10 mins

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7
Q

Converging point of all three pathways

A

C3-C3b

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8
Q

Major function of C” proteins

A

Lysis of foreign cells and immune complexes

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9
Q

Effects of C”

A 
Lysis
Opsonization
Facilitate B-cell activation
Mediators
Increase vascular permeability
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10
Q

Three Complement Pathways

A

Classical Pathway
Alternative Pathway
Mannose Binding Lectin Pathway

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11
Q

Three major stages of Complement Pathways

A
  1. Recognition unit
  2. Activation unit
  3. Membrane Attack Complex
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12
Q

Activators of Classical complement Pathway

A

Immune Complexes (IgG, IgM)
Apoptotic Cells
C reactive protein bound to ligand

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13
Q

C1 complex (calcium dependent) are composed of three subunits:

A

C1q, C1r, C1s

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14
Q

Functions:
C1q
C1r
C1s

A

C1q: Binds to FC region of IgM and IgG
C1r: Activates C1s
C1s: Cleaves C4 and C2

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15
Q

True or False. Activation of Classical Pathway needs two molecules of IgM, and one molecule of IgG

A

False:
IgG - two molecules
IgM - one molecule

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16
Q

C3 convertase of Classical pathway of Classical Pathway

A

C4b2a

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17
Q

Major constituent of the complement system

A

C3

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18
Q

C5 convertase

A

C4b2a3b

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19
Q

A unique system that builds up a lipophilic complex in cell membranes from several plasma proteins

A

Membrane Attack Complex

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20
Q

Complex that polymerizes C9 to form a tubule (pore)

A

C5bC6C7C8 complex

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21
Q

How does C9 lyse cell?

A

It disturbs the lipid bilayer to allow the free exchange of ions and water molecules across the membrane influx of sodium, and (Na+) ions and H2O leads to disruption of osmotic balance

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22
Q

Alternative Pathways is also known as?

A

PROPERDIN PATHWAY

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23
Q

First protein to function in the alternative pathway

A

Properdin

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24
Q

Function of Properdin

A

Stabilizes the pathway and increases half life of C3bBb

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25
Analogous to C2 in the classical pathway
Factor B
26
Activators of Alternative Pathway
Inulin Zymosan Bacterial polysaccharides and endotoxins AGGREGATES of IgA
27
Major inihibitory regulator of Alternativ e pathway that blocks the formation of C3bBb
Factor H
28
Plasma protein that activates Factor B
Factor D
29
C3 convertase of Alternative Pathway
C3bBb
30
C5 convertase of Alternative Pathway
C3bBb3b
31
True or False. Alternative Pathway is activated by the PRESENCE of specific antigen-antibody complexes
False. Activation of AP is by the ABSENCE of specific antigen-antibody complexes
32
Plays an important role as a DEFENSE MACHANISM OF INFANCY
Mannose Binding Lectin Pathways
33
Proteins that bind to carbohydrate and is homologous in structure to C1q
Lectins
34
MASP
Mannose-binding lectin–associated serine protease
35
Two serine protease that interact and activates complement system.
MASP1 (minor) | MASP2 (major)
36
Takes the active role in cleaving C4 and C2
MASP2
37
Functions: C5 -C9
MAC
38
It functions for opsonization
C3b - iC3b
39
Functions for PMNs activation
C5a
40
Function: C5a>C3a>C4a
Chemotaxis & Anaphylatoxins
41
Hypocomplementemia
Result from the complexing of IgG or IgM antibodies capable of activating complement
42
True or False. • Chronic activation of complement levels are elevated in many inflammatory conditions.
True
43
Causes of decreased complement levels
1. Complement has been excessively activated recently. 2. Complement is currently being consumed. 3. A single complement component is absent because of a genetic defect 4. Coexists with SLE and other disorders associated with an immunopathologic process
44
Deficiency of C1qrs complex is associated to:
SLE-like syndrome
45
Deficiency: C5 - C8
Neisseria infections
46
Deficiency: C1 INH
Hereditary angioedema
47
Most common complement deficiency associated with recurrent pyogenic infections
C2
48
Deficiency: PROPERDIN
Neisseria infections
49
Stimulus: Classical Pathway
Immune Complexes (IgG and IgM)
50
Stimulus: Alternative Pathways
Endotoxins, LPS
51
Stimulus: Mannose Binding Lectin Pathway
Terminal MANNOSE group
52
Key intermediate in all pathways
C3
53
Recognition Unit of Classical pathway
C!qrs comples
54
C1qrs complex is ________ dependent
Calcium dependent
55
Antibody structure that binds to complement
Fc region
56
Cleaves C4 and C2
C1s
57
Binds to Fc region of IgG and IgM
C1q
58
Activates C1s
C1r
59
Stabilizes C3 convertase in alternative pathway
Properdin
60
Analogous to C2
Factor B
61
Factor B
Binds to C3 to form C3 convertase
62
Factor D
Activates and Cleaves Factor B
63
Major Regulator of Alternative pathway
Factor H
64
Recognition unit in MBL Pathway
MBL
65
MBL is homologous to _______ complex
C1qrs complex
66
In MBL, it cleaves C4 and C2
MASP-2
67
Major MASP in MBL
MASP-2
68
MASP-2 is homologous to ____ in classical pathway
C1s
69
MBL is produced in the _____
Liver
70
Plasma Complement Regulators ``` Factor I: Factor H: C1 inhibitor: C4-binding protein: S-protein: ```
Plasma Complement Regulators Factor I: Cleaves C3b and C4b Factor H: inactivate C3b and prevents binding of B to C3b C1 inhibitor: Dissociates C1r and C1s, from C1q C4-binding protein: Inactivate C4b S-protein: Prevents attachments of the C5b67 complex in cell membrane
71
Dissociates C1r and C1s, from C1q
C1 inhibitor
72
Inactivate C3b and prevents binding of B to C3b
Factor H
73
Cleaves C3b and C4b
Factor I
74
Prevents attachments of the C5b67 complex in cell membrane
S-protein/vitronectin
75
Most common complement deficiency
C2
76
Most severe type of complement deficiency
C3
77
What complement deficiency manifests Neisseria infections
C5-C8 | Properdin
78
Complement deficiency in Hereditary angioedema
C1 INH
79
C1s complement deficiency result to:
SLE
80
Factor H and Factor I deficiency
Recurrent Pyogenic infections
81
Deficiency complement in PNH
DAF | MIRL
82
Deficiency in MASP-2 causes _____________
Pneumococcal infections

Immunology-Serology (15 decks)

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