Acquired Immunity Flashcards
Refers to immune response following after encounter with antigen
Acquired/Adaptive Immunity/Secondary/Anamnestic
Characteristics of the Adaptive/Acquired Immunity
Specific
Memory
Cell mediated Immunity
Mechanism:
Cell Type:
Action:
Function:
Cell mediated Immunity
Mechanism: Cells
Cell Type: T cells
Action: Direct Cell-to-Cell contact
Function: Viral/Fungal Infections, Intracellular, Graft rejections
Humoral Mediated
Mechanism:
Cell Type:
Action:
Function:
Humoral Mediated
Mechanism: antibody Mediated
Cell Type: B cells, Plasma Cells
Action: Antibodies, Cytokines
Function: Bacterial infection
Tissues which immune cells undergo maturation, differentiation, proliferation
Lymphoid Tissues
Primary Lymphoid tissues
Bone Marrow
Thymus
Secondary Lymphoid Tissues
Spleen
Lymph Nodes
GALT, MALT
Location which undifferentiated and progenitor cells are derived responsible for the site of hematopoiesis
Bone marrow
Site of B cell maturation
Bone Marrow
Site of T cell maturation
Thymus
Primary Lymphoid Organs are involved in the ___________ of immune cells
Maturation
Secondary lymphoid organs are involved in the _____________ and __________ of immune cells
Differentiation
Proliferation
Antigen trapping sites or site of cell activation which its first encounter of the antigen
Secondary Lymphoid organ
Largest secondary lymphoid tissue
Spleen
Red Pulp - ______________
White Pulp - _____________
Red Pulp - RBCs sequestration (50%)
White Pulp - WBCs (20%)
PALS: ________
Primary Follicles: _________
Marginal Zones: __________
PALS: T cells
Primary Follicles: Undifferentiated/Resting B cells
Marginal Zones: Dendritic Cells
Major tissue portion which Antibody concentration
Lymph Nodes
Compartments
Primary Follicle: Secondary Follicle: Outer Cortex: Paracortex: Medulla:
Compartments
Primary Follicle: Resting B cells Secondary Follicle: Ag-stimulated proliferating B cells Outer Cortex: B cells Paracortex: T cells Medulla: Macrophages
Secondary lymphoid tissue involved in IgA production
MALT
Involved in the differentiation of progenitor cells into B lymphocytes
GALT
No/Lack CD4 and CD8
Double Negative Thymocytes
Influence T cell proliferation
IL 7
pre-TCR expression, _____ chain rearrangement takes first and once becomes functional it complexes with _____
pre-TCR expression, BETA chain rearrangement takes first and once becomes functional it complexes with CD3
Main part in the T cell antigen receptor forming a complex
CD3
Double Negative Thymocytes - Arrange
- pre-TCR expression
- B chain rearrangement
- Functional B chain complex with CD3
- Functional B chain
2 > 4 > 3 > 1
Both CD4 and CD8 are expressed
Double Positive Thymocytes
_____ chain rearrangement already begins in the double positive cells
alpha chain
A selection process which double positive cell should recognize MHC class molecules
Positive Selection Process
A selection process which double positive cell are checked if it strongly reacts against self antigens
Negative Selection Process
A process in the expression of pre-TCR through random rearrangement causing to form a unique TCR (specific) even w/o antigen recognition yet
Somatic recombination
Distribution:
CD4:
CD8:
Distribution:
CD4: 2/3
CD8: 1/3
T helper Cell: ______
T Cytotoxic Cell: ______
T helper Cell: CD 4
T Cytotoxic Cell: CD 8
T Cell MHC Class Restriction
CD4:
CD8:
MHC Class Restriction
CD4: MHC Class II
CD8: MHC Class I
T Cell Activation
- TCR Conformation
- Antigen Presentation
- Releases IL 2 for proliferation and differentiation
- Activation of other T cells
T Cell Activation
2 > 1 > 3 > 4
Receptor in sRBCs to form rosettes
CD 2
Marker of mature T cells and part in TCR
CD 3
Marker in Activated T cell
CD 25
T Helper Subsets
Th1: __________
Th2: __________
Th1: INTRAcellular
Th2: EXTRAcellular
Cytokines in T helper Subsets
Th1: __________
Th2: __________
Cytokines in T helper Subsets
Th1: IL 12, INFy, TNF-B
Th2: 1L 4, 1L 5, IL 10, 1L 13
Earliest surface marker of B cells
CD 45R
Marker - Pre-B Cell
mu chains; surrogate light chains
Marker - Immature B Cell
IgM
MHC Class II
Marker - Mature B Cells
IgM
IgD
Marker - Activated B Cells
CD 25
B cells that produces antibodies
Plasma Cells
B cells with enhances speed and effectivity, and longer life span than resting b cells
Memory B cells
First Manual identification of Lymphocytes - obsolete
Rosette Technique
Rosette Technique
Principle: Sample: Reagent: Result: Normal:
Rosette Technique
Principle: Density Gradient Concentration
Sample: Defibrinated/Heparinized Blood
Reagent: Sheep’s RBCs, Ficoll Hipaque Solution
Result: Rosette Formation
Normal: 2x as many of T cells than B cells
A gradient solution that allow the separation of RBCs and granulocytes
Ficcol Hypaque
Number of cells counted in Rosette Technique
200 cells
Major Secretor of Cytokines
T helper cells
Negative selection of T cells occurs in the ________________
Thymus. Negative selection of T cells occurs as they move from the thymic cortex into the thymic medulla
