Intro to Vet Anatomy

Question 1

Towards head

Answer 1

Cranial

Question 2

Towards rear end

Answer 2

Caudal

Question 3

Cranial but a continuation towards the nose is…

Answer 3

rostral - so back of head would be considered caudal

Question 4

Top of body (back of a dog/cat etc)

Answer 4

Dorsal

Question 5

Bottom of body (belly, undercarriage)

Answer 5

Ventral

Question 6

Proximal and distal are both…

Answer 6

a direction and a region. FOR LIMBS

Question 7

Proximal (in terms of direction)

Answer 7

towards the top of the limb

Question 8

Distal (in terms of direction)

Answer 8

towards the bottom of the limb

Question 9

Proximal (in terms of region)

Answer 9

The part of the limb that runs from the top down to the carpus (in front legs/forelimb) OR tarsus (hind limb)

e.g. on humans, proximal would be from the shoulder to the wrist and the hip to the ankle

Question 10

Distal (in terms of region)

Answer 10

Defined from the carpus/tarsus down to the toes

e.g. humans would be from ankle/wrist to fingers/toes

Question 11

Proximal limb - towards head?

Answer 11

cranial

Question 12

Distal forelimb - towards head?

Answer 12

Dorsal

Question 13

Distal hind limb - towards head?

Answer 13

Dorsal

Question 14

Proximal limb - towards rear end?

Answer 14

Caudal

Question 15

Distal forelimb - towards rear end?

Answer 15

palmar

Question 16

Distal hind limb - towards rear end

Answer 16

plantar

Question 17

Looking at an animal front on, towards the middle?

Answer 17

medial

Question 18

Looking at an animal front on, towards their sides?

Answer 18

lateral

Question 19

What are axial and abaxial used to describe?

Answer 19

features on a limb

Question 20

Close to the axis of the limb?

Answer 20

Axial e.g horses have two toes, the inside of the two toes would be axial

Question 21

Away from the axis of the limb?

Answer 21

Abaxial e.g. a horse has two toes (hoof section is split) and the outside of those toes would be considered abaxial.

Question 22

What plane divides the animal in two, separating left from right

Answer 22

Sagittal plane

Question 23

If the sagittal plane runs along the midline then what is it called?

Answer 23

Median plane

Question 24

What plane divides the animal front from back? Essentially a cross section

Answer 24

Transverse plane

Question 25

What plane divides the animal top from bottom?

Answer 25

Dorsal plane

Question 26

Give three examples of carnivores:

Answer 26

cats, dogs, ferrets

Question 27

Give three examples of ungulates:

Answer 27

equids, ruminants, camelids

Question 28

Give two examples of equids:

Answer 28

horses, donkeys

Question 29

Give two examples of ruminants:

Answer 29

cows, giraffes

Question 30

Give two examples of camelids:

Answer 30

alpacas, llamas

Question 31

Give two examples of small mammals:

Answer 31

lagomorphs, rodents

Question 32

Give an example of a lagomorph:

Answer 32

rabbit

Question 33

Give three examples of a rodent:

Answer 33

rats, guinea pigs, chinchillas

Question 34

Give three examples of a reptile:

Answer 34

Lizards, Chelonia, Snakes

Question 35

Give an example of a Chelonia:

Answer 35

tortoises

Question 36

Give two examples of Artiodactyls:

Answer 36

cows, pigs

Question 37

How many toes do pigs and cows have?

Answer 37

COW - 2 PIGS - 4 Artiodactyls have an even number of toes

Question 38

How many toes do equids have and how many toes do carnivores have?

Answer 38

Equids = 1 Carnivores = 4/5

Question 39

What anatomical differences occur between different species?

Answer 39

differences in alimentary tract (stomach) and appendicular skeleton

Question 40

What is a hindgut fermenter?

Answer 40

fermentation occurs in large intestine

Question 41

Give examples of hindgut fermenters?

Answer 41

horses, rabbits, some rodents (guinea pigs), some non-human primates

Question 42

What animals have compound stomachs?

Answer 42

Ruminants (cows, sheep, giraffes) Camelids (alpacas, llamas)

Question 43

What animal are rhinos closely related to?

Answer 43

horses

Question 44

Is a Rhino a hindgut or foregut fermenter?

Answer 44

hindgut, just like a horse