Development of the Integument

Question 1

What occurs soon after fertilisation?

Answer 1

gastrulation

Question 2

what are the three germ layers?

Answer 2

ectoderm (top)
mesoderm (middle)
endoderm (bottom)

Question 3

what do the 3 germ layers form?

Answer 3

the trilaminar disc

Question 4

what eventually makes up all the animal’s tissues and organs?

Answer 4

the three germ layers

Question 5

the flat layers roll up into a?

Answer 5

tube
the ectoderm on the outside
mesoderm in the middle
endoderm inside lining

Question 6

1st step of neurulation?

Answer 6

Notochprd forms from mesoderm cells soon after the gastrulation is complete

Question 7

2nd step of neurulation?

Answer 7

Signals from notochord cause inward folding of ectoderm at the neural plate

Question 8

3rd step of neurulation?

Answer 8

ends of the neural plate fuse and disconnect to form an autonomous neural tube

Question 9

during gastrulation, what is defined?

Answer 9

the body axes

Question 10

ectoderm gives rise to?

Answer 10

integument

Question 11

endoderm gives rise to?

Answer 11

lining of intestines

Question 12

neurulation?

Answer 12

formation of neural tube

Question 13

notochord is embedded in the?

Answer 13

mesoderm
cranial –> caudal direction
specialised mesoderm

Question 14

neural crest cells

Answer 14

green on diagram slide 4
found boundary between ectoderm and neural plate

Question 15

what does the ectoderm form?

Answer 15

the epidermal and neural cells

Question 16

what does the mesoderm form?

Answer 16

muscloskeletal system, connective tissues and organs, (the meat and bones)

Question 17

what does the endoderm form?

Answer 17

lining of the gut and respiratory system and out-pouchings (liver, pancreas)

Question 18

which part of the germ layer does the epidermis form from?

Answer 18

from ectoderm
the epidermis (including nails, hair follicles and glands)

Question 19

the dermis and subcutis?

Answer 19

from mesoderm

Question 20

melanocytes?

Answer 20

from the neural crest cells (ectoderm)

Question 21

somites?

Answer 21

blocks of tissue in which the mesoderm has organised itself into

Question 22

embryo development direction?

Answer 22

cranial to caudal

Question 23

Where do cutaneous nerves arise from?

Answer 23

they arise from spinal nerves at regular intervals along the body

Question 24

when do somites form?

Answer 24

at a later embryonic stage