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nursing semester 1 > Intro E2 Ch 6 > Flashcards

Intro E2 Ch 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Adolescent ages

A

12 to 18 years old

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2
Q

What is adolescence described as in reference to lifespan

A

Adolescence along with infancy is the second time during a lifespan where growth and development is rapid and diverse

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3
Q

What is the difference between adolescence and puberty

A

Adolescence: is associated with psychological and maturational changes

Puberty: is associated with physiological changes that transform child to adult

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4
Q

What time in life is defined as “prepubescent “

A

Ages 10-12

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5
Q

What is the risk that arises during the prepubescent growth spurt

A

Increased risk especially in females for scoliosis ( spine curvature)

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6
Q

What percentage of adolescence have scoliosis

A

3%

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7
Q

What can scoliosis cause and displace

A

Scoliosis can displace internal organs putting pressure on heart and lungs

Must be corrected early

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8
Q

What are secondary sex characteristics definition

A

Physical changes that occur that prepares the body for reproduction

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9
Q

Female secondary sex characteristics

A

Developing breast Buds/ fully developed

growth of pubic and under arm hair

widening of pelvis

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10
Q

Male secondary sex characteristics

A

Deepening of the voice

Growth of facial, pubic, and under arm hair

Elongation of penis and testes

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11
Q

What event indicates the completion of puberty in females and what does it mean

A

The first mensies (menarche)

Puberty = physically capable of producing off spring

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12
Q

What event indicates the completion of puberty in males and what does it mean

A

The first ejaculation (wet dream) not sexually related

Puberty = physically capable of producing off spring and fathering a child

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13
Q

What drives physiological changes

Indicate specifics for male and female

A

Hormones drive physiological changes of puberty and maturation of sex organs for repro

Male: testosterone

Female: estrogen

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14
Q

What do hormonal changes affect

A

Increase perspiration

Contribute to development of acne: not related to food consumption but pores

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15
Q

When do individuals feel attraction and to who

A

Individuals feel attraction during adolescence to those of the same sex or opposite sex

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16
Q

What happens when adolescents start “hanging out” and dating

A

They develop communication and interpersonal skills in a healthy way

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17
Q

What is most important to discuss when adolescents start engaging in physical intimacy

A

Self-esteem, self-respect and respect romantic and sexual partners, protection, consent and responsible sexual activity in which both physical (I.e : STI / pregnancy) or psychological health (how to contact healthy relationships and how to recognize unhealthy relationships) is protected

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18
Q

Who should discuss what strategies about sexual relationships with adolescents and parents, educations and health care professionals should discuss,

A

how to set clear boundaries and expectations about their bodies and emotions

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19
Q

What country has the highest birth rates

A

The US but it’s going down

20
Q

What are children born to teens at higher risk for

A

Low birthweight, prematurity, and child abuse

21
Q

What’s are teenage mothers at higher risk for

A

Pregnancy induced hypertension

22
Q

Is body image still important to teenagers? what happens if they are dissatisfied with their body and examples

A

Yes, if dissatisfied they exhibit physiologically negative responses

(I.E: body dysmorphia: distorted perception of body may drive them to unhealthy action such as eating disorders)

23
Q

Why is it important for adolescence to develop healthy realistic view and accepting of their bodies

A

Otherwise they develop negative perceptions of body image

24
Q

Name the most common eating disorders in females

A

Bulimia: binging and purging

Anorexia nervosa: eating very little or refusing to eat

Binge eating: periods of uncontrollable eating

25
Q

Bulimia and damage

A

Binging and purging

Damaged esophagus/ oral lining and enamel erosion because of acidity 

26
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

Eating very little or refusing to eat

27
Q

Binge eating

A

Periods of uncontrollable eating

28
Q

What is body dysmorphia’s are more commonly seen in males and define

A

Exercise-based body dysmorphia: exercise excessively and may resort to using steroids or substances to boost performance

29
Q

Negative effects of Exercise based body dysmorphia

A

Stunted growth
cardiovascular and renal issues
male impotence
Physiological damage

30
Q

What are an adolescent nutritional needs

A

Optimal nutrition is they are often deficient

31
Q

Optimal sleeping required by teens

A

Required up to 10 hours of sleep each night

32
Q

Adolescent psychosocial task

A

Age 12 to 18

Identity V role confusion

Social relationships/identity

Who am I where am I going?

Developing sense of self and personal identity

Success: staying true to self

Failure: Lost in role confusion with a weak sense of self

33
Q

How is identity achieved

A

When an individual recognizes their uniqueness and has high self esteem /confidence

34
Q

How was role confusion reached

A

When an individual is discontent in life , lacks direction

35
Q

What may role confusion lead to

A

Depression and self-destructive behaviors

36
Q

What is the leading cause of adolescence those 15 to 19 years old

A

 accidents, suicide, homicides

37
Q

Define peer acceptance and it’s importance

A

Teenagers wanting to be excepted by their peers who they are important for reaching identity

38
Q

What are adolescents influenced by and the 2 types

A

Influenced by peer pressure

+: doing good deeds and excelling in school

-: engaging in breaking rules, substance abuse, causing mischief

39
Q

Cognition status of Adolescence

A

Formal operations: now possess more fluid intelligence (think quick on feet) beginning to think abstractly about the future

40
Q

Morality status of an adolescents

A

Postconventional morality social systems conformity

41
Q

Defined the social systems morality

A

Thinking through rationales behind rules and testing them

Care for others and volunteer

42
Q

What is discipline a teenager like

A

Is a fine balance between being strict enough to provide clear guidelines/rules with consequences as well as allowing them freedom to make their own decisions and live through positive and negative consequences

43
Q

What must be set for adolescents

A

Clear expectations before they break rules and should be followed through

44
Q

What do teenagers question/ test and why

A

Teenagers question test rules as a part of achieving identity

45
Q

Define fable of immunity

A

False sense of immunity from bad effects thinking that they won’t happen to them

nursing semester 1 (19 decks)

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