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Nursing semester 1 > Intro Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Intro Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What health care practice prevents illness in living and honors dead

A

Burials, separating living from dead and honor

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2
Q

What is hand washing

A

The oldest health care practice and the #1 deterrent of disease

(Soul cleansing)

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3
Q

Why was isolation used

A

Quarantine diseased and their family until they were healed to stop transmission

(I.e: leprocy)

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4
Q

Homeostasis

A

By Greeks

Finishing balance (synch) in life to promote good health

Fire - temp
Water - to drink, cook and bathe
Earth - nutrition
Air- clean air

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5
Q

Meaning behind Olympics (Greek)

A

Exercise is necessary to maximize health

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6
Q

Yin yang

A

Asian cultures

Idea Is balance of opposing forces that are interrelated and complementary

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7
Q

Early 1900 health care

A

Not readily accessible

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8
Q

What illnesses were

common in early America

A

Communicable diseases (easily transmittable)

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9
Q

Post WWII shift in health care

A

•people lived longer through management
•shift if Communicable to chronic illness
- (I.e: diabetes, lung, heart diseases )
•Hospitals
•health ins created

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10
Q

T/F

Nuns and women were first to provide care

A

True

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11
Q

Why did the Elizabethan poor laws come into effect

A

Because of those who could not work due to age or illness affected but the Protestant ethic belief

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12
Q

What is the protestant ethic belief

A

Everyone should pull their own weight and contribute to society

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13
Q

Elizabethan poor laws

A

allowed access to healthcare for the very poor and those who cannot work due to disability or illness

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14
Q

What are modern day welfare programs in the US based off of

A

Elizabethan poor laws

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15
Q

Germ theory

A

By Pasteur

Change the idea that disease were caused by micro organisms and not persons bad behavior or bad air

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16
Q

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

A

1

Develop the first microscope

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17
Q

Edward Jenner

A

2

Smallpox vaccine “cowpox”

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18
Q

Louis Pasteur

A

3

Pasturation to kill microbes

(I.E: milk)

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19
Q

Joseph Lister

A

4

Developed sterilization and asepsis

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20
Q

Alexander Fleming

A

5

Discovered penicillin

Associated with antibiotic resistant bacteria like MRSA and VRE

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21
Q

How does antibiotic resistant bacteria emerge

A

Overuse of medication and not finishing medication cycle

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22
Q

Jonas Salk

A

6

Vaccine for polio

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23
Q

Vaccine important things to remember

A
  • prevent rather than treat

* babies get HEP B vaccine before leaving hospital

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24
Q

Industrial revolution issues

A

Poor hygiene, child labor, no OSHA, pesticides, pollution

No regulatory agencies

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25
Q

What did Lamuel Shattuck do to change the issues of The industrial revolution

A

Submitted a report for state and local health departments, collection of final statistics, and government control of alcohol

26
Q

What was created because of Lemuel shattuck

A

Sheppard towner act
• Mandated healthcare and delivery, established state local health departments, nutrition and healthcare for the poor and young, a way to collect stat and REQUIRED EDUCATION FOR THOSE IN HEALTH CARE

basically government regulation

27
Q

What was The Social Security act and what did it do

A

Provided economic relief

Provisions

  1. Younger children have to have adequate nutrition and medical care
  2. Healthcare provider must be properly educated and licensed

No health care provision other than kids

28
Q

What was added to the Social Security act as a healthcare provision

A

Medicare (we care for the elderly)
and
Medicaid (we aid everyone)

Obama care (ACA): healthcare and affordable price

29
Q

Define WHO

A

Worldwide organization of healthcare professionals that monitor and develop strategies to control the spread of disease

30
Q

WHO disease prevention goal

A

Minimize burden of disease and associated risk factors

31
Q

WHO primary prevention

A

Vaccines

32
Q

WHO secondary prevention

A

Screenings, early detection

33
Q

Healthy people 2020 goals

A
  1. Create social and physical environments that promote good health
  2. Promote quality of life
  3. Attain higher quality longer lives free from preventable disease
  4. Achieve health equity so there are no disparities
34
Q

What is recognized by healthy people 2020

A

That there are interelationships between physical, social, biological, physiological, environmental, and organizational factors

35
Q

Healthy people 2025 determinants of health

A
  1. Policymaking
  2. Social factors
  3. Health services
  4. Individual behaviors
  5. Biology and genetics
36
Q

Define Policymaking

A

Policies at state, local, and federal level that affect people and population health

(I.e: seatbelts)

37
Q

Define social factors

A

Availability of resources for daily life, exposure to crime and violence, social support, exposure

38
Q

Define health services

A

Covers issues on lack of insurance, limited language access, delay in care

39
Q

Define individual behaviors

A

How we care yourselves; substance abuse, diet, physical activity

40
Q

Define biology and genetics

A

Affecting specific populations with unequal risks those vulnerable

41
Q

Physical

A

Buildings, quality of life and life expectancy can be largely predicted by the ZIP Code we live in

42
Q

Florence nightingale

A

Founder of nursing

Crimean war:
Fresh air
Fresh sheets
Wash hands

43
Q

Clara Barton

A

American Red Cross

44
Q

Dorothea Dix

A

Advocate for mental health

45
Q

Lilian wald

A

Public health nurse in Henry Street settlement house

46
Q

Mary Adelaide nutting

A

First professor of nursing

47
Q

Lavinia dock

A

Women’s suffrage (vote)

48
Q

Harriet Tubman

A

Abolitionist service

49
Q

Mary Breckenridge

A

Frontier nursing: open midwifery school

50
Q

Shift of health care ideas

A

From curing or fixing a problem to seeking preventative practices and early treatment diagnosis

51
Q

Humans five stages of illness

A

Basically how people behave when sick

  1. Awareness of symptom: self diagnose
  2. Assumes sick role: self treatment
  3. Assuming dependent role: go to doctor
  4. Following treatment protocol: doctors orders
  5. Regains control: recovery and normalcy
52
Q

Smith health model

A

Health perspectives from four vantage points

  1. Clinical model: no signs symptoms
  2. Role performance model: signs and symptoms but performs role
  3. Adaptive model: excepts and adapts to issues
  4. Eudaemonistic model: lively sense of being well
53
Q

TRAVIS MODEL

A

Health is a moving continuum on a two-way path wellness and disability

Making choice to become aware educated means wellness

Putting effort in eliminating signs and symptoms equals premature death

54
Q

Biologic or physiologic malfunction

A

Disease

55
Q

Wellness

A

Has a personal definition, can be well with disease or not well without disease

56
Q

Hettlers six dimensions of wellness

A

Occupational, spiritual, physical, intellectual, emotional, social

57
Q

People now want to know about disease and cure options

A

.

58
Q

Complementary healing methods

A

Use alongside Western medicine

59
Q

Examples of complementary healing

A 
Pharmacology
Massage
 diet 
nutrition 
biofeedback 
meditation and relaxation 
holistic 
Hipnosis and imagery
60
Q

Alternative healing

A

Used in place of traditional Western medicine

61
Q

Examples of alternative medicine

A

Acupressure
acupuncture
reflexology
herbs

Nursing semester 1 (19 decks)

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