Intro Chapter 1 Flashcards
What health care practice prevents illness in living and honors dead
Burials, separating living from dead and honor
What is hand washing
The oldest health care practice and the #1 deterrent of disease
(Soul cleansing)
Why was isolation used
Quarantine diseased and their family until they were healed to stop transmission
(I.e: leprocy)
Homeostasis
By Greeks
Finishing balance (synch) in life to promote good health
Fire - temp
Water - to drink, cook and bathe
Earth - nutrition
Air- clean air
Meaning behind Olympics (Greek)
Exercise is necessary to maximize health
Yin yang
Asian cultures
Idea Is balance of opposing forces that are interrelated and complementary
Early 1900 health care
Not readily accessible
What illnesses were
common in early America
Communicable diseases (easily transmittable)
Post WWII shift in health care
•people lived longer through management
•shift if Communicable to chronic illness
- (I.e: diabetes, lung, heart diseases )
•Hospitals
•health ins created
T/F
Nuns and women were first to provide care
True
Why did the Elizabethan poor laws come into effect
Because of those who could not work due to age or illness affected but the Protestant ethic belief
What is the protestant ethic belief
Everyone should pull their own weight and contribute to society
Elizabethan poor laws
allowed access to healthcare for the very poor and those who cannot work due to disability or illness
What are modern day welfare programs in the US based off of
Elizabethan poor laws
Germ theory
By Pasteur
Change the idea that disease were caused by micro organisms and not persons bad behavior or bad air
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
1
Develop the first microscope
Edward Jenner
2
Smallpox vaccine “cowpox”
Louis Pasteur
3
Pasturation to kill microbes
(I.E: milk)
Joseph Lister
4
Developed sterilization and asepsis
Alexander Fleming
5
Discovered penicillin
Associated with antibiotic resistant bacteria like MRSA and VRE
How does antibiotic resistant bacteria emerge
Overuse of medication and not finishing medication cycle
Jonas Salk
6
Vaccine for polio
Vaccine important things to remember
- prevent rather than treat
* babies get HEP B vaccine before leaving hospital
Industrial revolution issues
Poor hygiene, child labor, no OSHA, pesticides, pollution
No regulatory agencies
What did Lamuel Shattuck do to change the issues of The industrial revolution
Submitted a report for state and local health departments, collection of final statistics, and government control of alcohol
What was created because of Lemuel shattuck
Sheppard towner act
• Mandated healthcare and delivery, established state local health departments, nutrition and healthcare for the poor and young, a way to collect stat and REQUIRED EDUCATION FOR THOSE IN HEALTH CARE
basically government regulation
What was The Social Security act and what did it do
Provided economic relief
Provisions
- Younger children have to have adequate nutrition and medical care
- Healthcare provider must be properly educated and licensed
No health care provision other than kids
What was added to the Social Security act as a healthcare provision
Medicare (we care for the elderly)
and
Medicaid (we aid everyone)
Obama care (ACA): healthcare and affordable price
Define WHO
Worldwide organization of healthcare professionals that monitor and develop strategies to control the spread of disease
WHO disease prevention goal
Minimize burden of disease and associated risk factors
WHO primary prevention
Vaccines
WHO secondary prevention
Screenings, early detection
Healthy people 2020 goals
- Create social and physical environments that promote good health
- Promote quality of life
- Attain higher quality longer lives free from preventable disease
- Achieve health equity so there are no disparities
What is recognized by healthy people 2020
That there are interelationships between physical, social, biological, physiological, environmental, and organizational factors
Healthy people 2025 determinants of health
- Policymaking
- Social factors
- Health services
- Individual behaviors
- Biology and genetics
Define Policymaking
Policies at state, local, and federal level that affect people and population health
(I.e: seatbelts)
Define social factors
Availability of resources for daily life, exposure to crime and violence, social support, exposure
Define health services
Covers issues on lack of insurance, limited language access, delay in care
Define individual behaviors
How we care yourselves; substance abuse, diet, physical activity
Define biology and genetics
Affecting specific populations with unequal risks those vulnerable
Physical
Buildings, quality of life and life expectancy can be largely predicted by the ZIP Code we live in
Florence nightingale
Founder of nursing
Crimean war:
Fresh air
Fresh sheets
Wash hands
Clara Barton
American Red Cross
Dorothea Dix
Advocate for mental health
Lilian wald
Public health nurse in Henry Street settlement house
Mary Adelaide nutting
First professor of nursing
Lavinia dock
Women’s suffrage (vote)
Harriet Tubman
Abolitionist service
Mary Breckenridge
Frontier nursing: open midwifery school
Shift of health care ideas
From curing or fixing a problem to seeking preventative practices and early treatment diagnosis
Humans five stages of illness
Basically how people behave when sick
- Awareness of symptom: self diagnose
- Assumes sick role: self treatment
- Assuming dependent role: go to doctor
- Following treatment protocol: doctors orders
- Regains control: recovery and normalcy
Smith health model
Health perspectives from four vantage points
- Clinical model: no signs symptoms
- Role performance model: signs and symptoms but performs role
- Adaptive model: excepts and adapts to issues
- Eudaemonistic model: lively sense of being well
TRAVIS MODEL
Health is a moving continuum on a two-way path wellness and disability
Making choice to become aware educated means wellness
Putting effort in eliminating signs and symptoms equals premature death
Biologic or physiologic malfunction
Disease
Wellness
Has a personal definition, can be well with disease or not well without disease
Hettlers six dimensions of wellness
Occupational, spiritual, physical, intellectual, emotional, social
People now want to know about disease and cure options
.
Complementary healing methods
Use alongside Western medicine
Examples of complementary healing
Pharmacology Massage diet nutrition biofeedback meditation and relaxation holistic Hipnosis and imagery
Alternative healing
Used in place of traditional Western medicine
Examples of alternative medicine
Acupressure
acupuncture
reflexology
herbs
