Internal Anatomy of the Pig Flashcards
Medial
Toward the middle or body line
Anterior
Front or head region
Posterior
Rear
Lateral
Away from the body midline
Proximal
near or close to the point under consideration
Distal
Far or way from the point of consideration
Frontal (coronal)
Divides into dorsal and ventral or back from belly
Transverse
Divides the body into crainal and caudal or head and tail
Median
Separates left and right halves
Sagittal planes
Any plane parallel to the midagittal plane
Brachi
Arm
Cauda
Tail
Cervic
neck
corpus
body
ped, pod
foot
Pharyngo, laryngo
throat
Parotid Salivary gland
located below the ears
Submaxillary salivary gland
located below the jaw
Sublingual salivary gland
located under the tongue
Saliva
Contains. BMWS (Bicarbonate, mucin, water, salivary amylase
Mucin
Used as a lubricant
Bicarbonate
aids in pH neutrality
Salivary amylase
breaks down starches
Buccal Cavity
Empty space in the mouth
Hard palate
towards the front of the mouth
Soft palate
towards the back of the mouth
Pharynx
Joint passage way for food, water, and air
Larynx
Contains the vocal cords and part of the respiratory tract
Thyroid cartilage
Protects the vocal cords
Epiglottis
blocks the larynx during swallowing
Trachea
Transports air from larynx to the bronchi. has cartilage rings
Esophagus
Dorsal to the trachea. Carries food from the pharynx to the stomach
Pleura
Membrane that lines the walls of the thoracic cavity and surrounds the lungs
Lungs
Responsible for gas exhange
Pericardium
membrane surrounding the heart to prevent the heart from over expanding
Diaphragm
Separates the cavities.
Peritoneum
Lines the abdominal cavity and surrounds the vital organs. Serves as a conduit for blood and lymph vessels and nerves
Liver
Produces and secretes bile.
Secrete
Produced in the organ that is expelling it
Excrete
Stores and then releases it (gallbladder)
Gallbladder
Stores and excretes bile
Stomach
Produces HCl and pepsinogen to begin digestion of proteins
Greater Omentum
Leukocyte production occurs here also fat storage
Spleen
produces leukocytes and also removes and recycles damaged erythrocytes
Pancreas
Secretes insulin, glycogen, and digestive enzymes
Small intestine
Responsible for digestion and absorption
Duodenum
Produces bicarbonates to neutralize the chyme that comes from the stomach
Jejunum
Absorbs MACI (monosaccharides, amino acids, calcium, and iron)
Ileum
Absorbs WEBB (water, electrolytes, bile salts, vitamin B12)
Mesentary
Anchors the small intestine in place
Hepatice Portal System
Collects blood from the stomach, small intestine and large intestine and delivers it to the liver
Cecum
Responsible for to microbial fermentation of starch and cellulose
Colon
Also responsible for microbial fermentation of starch and cellulose. Looks like cinnamon bun
Rectum
Responsible for formation of droppings in animals
Anus
External opening of digestive tract
Kidneys
Responsible for removing wastes from the blood and regulate blood volume and body pH
Urinary Bladder
stores urine in mammals