Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Function

Answer 1

Carry nutrients such as amino acids, glucose, fatty acids and O2 to the tissues. Carry waste from the tissues for disposal

Question 2

Arteri-

Answer 2

Artery

Question 3

Cardi

Answer 3

Heart

Question 4

-Emia

Answer 4

Blood

Question 5

erythro-

Answer 5

red

Question 6

hemo-

Answer 6

blood

Question 7

leuko-

Answer 7

white

Question 8

vaso-

Answer 8

vessel

Question 9

Arteries

Answer 9

Carry blood away from the heart. There are 3 layers. Are white and thicker in appearance

Question 10

Tunica Intima

Answer 10

Innermost layer. Lines the lumen and made up of endothelial cells

Question 11

Tunica Media

Answer 11

Middle layer that contains smooth muscle. Usually the thickest layer

Question 12

Tunica Adventitia

Answer 12

Outermost layer. containing elastin and collagen

Question 13

Types of Arteries:

Answer 13

Elastic (large): Thick walled and near the heart.
Muscular (Distributing): Deliver blood to specific organs
Arteioles: smallest one

Question 14

Veins

Answer 14

Take blood back to the heart. Have same layers but have little smooth muscle or elastin and are thinner walls. Have one way valves

Question 15

Types of Veins

Answer 15

Venules: like capillaries but largers
Veins: Smooth muscle circularly arranged, more collagen

Question 16

Capillaries

Answer 16

Exchange materials between the blood and the tissues

Question 17

Types of capillaries

Answer 17

Continuous: Held together by tight junctions found in most tissues.
Fenestrated: has numerous holes that allow for rapid absorption and filtration. found in kidneys and intestines.

Question 18

Lymph Ducts

Answer 18

Lymph is extracellular fluid that is returned to the heart via the lymphatic system. It is immediately mixed with blood upon returning to the vena cava.

Question 19

Vena Cava

Answer 19

Largest vein in the body divided into superior and inferior vena cava. Transports blood from the body to right atrium

Question 20

Aorta

Answer 20

Largest artery. Pumps blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Question 21

Coronary arteries

Answer 21

Supplies nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscles

Question 22

Pulmonary artery

Answer 22

Carries low oxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 23

Pulmonary veins

Answer 23

Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 24

Atrioventricular valves

Answer 24

between the atrium and the ventricles that prevent blood from flowing back into the atrium when the ventricle contracts. Look like strings

Question 25

Semilunar Valves

Answer 25

Are located where blood leaves the body so aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves. Prevent blood from coming back into the heart look like flaps

Question 26

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 26

Blood goes from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Question 27

Systemic Circulation

Answer 27

Blood goes from the heart to an organ and back to the heart

Question 28

Portal systems

Answer 28

Blood goes from one organ to another that isn’t the heart

Question 29

Hepatic Portal System

Answer 29

Blood goes from the digestive system to the liver and then to the heart

Question 30

Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal portal system

Answer 30

Blood goes from the hypothalamus to the hypophysis or pituitary before going back to the heart

Question 31

Typical Blood pattern

Answer 31

Vena cava to the right atrium to the right atrioventricular valve to the right ventricle to the pulmonary semilunar valve to the pulmonary artery to the lungs to the pulmonary veins to the left atrium to the left atrioventricular valve to the left ventricle to the aortic semilunar valve to the aorta to the rest of the body