Integumentary System Flashcards
Integumentary System
hair, skin, nails, and glands
Organ
two or more tissues that share the same specialized function
Epidermis
avascular (no blood vessels), made up of stratified Squamous, upper layer of skin
Epidermis layers
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
Merkel Cells
touch receptors (heat, cold, itch, tickle)
Hypodermis or Subcutaneous
connects skin to muscle (areolar + adipose), what makes up skin
Dermis
connective tissue, collagen and elastic fibers, nerves, and blood vessels, touch receptors
Kertinocytes
majority of skin cells, fills with keratin, found in any layer of the skin
Stratum Lucidum
soles and palms
Stratum Granulosum
will find lamellar granules
Lamellar Granules
help keep moisture in
Stratum Spinosum
Will find langerhan cells
Langerhan Cells
protect the melanocytes from uv rays, and protects immune system
Stratum Basale
only layer where cell division occurs, have melanocytes, where cytocrine secretion occcurs
Apoptosis
cell death: lose nuclei, flatten and die
Moles (Nevus)
Benign overgrowth of melanin
ABC’s of moles
A - assymetry: both sides of mole are different
B - border: borders are uneven
C - color: black, blue, red, brown with center white
D - diameter: 6mm
E - evolution
Albanism
genetic condition, have melanocytes but the melanin gene is shut off
Vitaligo
autoimmune disease, destroys melanocytes
Dermis Papillae
thick layer at the bottom of the epidermis
Dermis’ 2 layers
papillary layer, reticular layer
Intradermal
administrated directly into dermis, absorbed slowly
ex: botox, allergy, TB test
Subcutaneous
absorbed slowly
ex: insulin
Intramuscular
vaccines, antibiotics, absorbed quickly
ex: tetnis
Intravenous
most quickest
ex: chemo, antiobiotics, saline
Nails
made up of epidermal cells, protects fingers and toes
Nail Matrix
where cell division occurs, if damaged nail will not grow back
Pale Nails
indicates anemia, heart/kidney disease
White Nails
liver issues (hepatitis)
Yellow Nails
fungal Infection
Blue Nails
lack of oxygen (cardio issue, lung issue)
Rippled Nails
early onset arthritis or psoriasis
Cracked or Split Nails
indicates thyroid disease
Black Brown Streak
melanoma
White Spots
injury, results of stress
Biotin
vitamin to make nails strong
foods: banana, eggs, nuts
Alopecia
autoimmune disease, attacks the hair follicle, patches of hair loss
Baldness
genetic condition, inherited via x chromosome, hair follicle made unproductive/falls out
Ceruminous Gland
produces ear wax
Sebaceous Gland
coats the hair to prevent drying, prevents bacterial infections, secretes sebum (tryglercerides, proteins, and cholesterol) found in the dermis
Eccrine Sweat Gland
seen in palms and soles of feet, regulate of body heat, becomes active at birth
Apocrine Sweat Gland
found in armpit, facial area, and groin. activated by stress, will secrete upon sexual activity, start working at puberty
Pinkish colored skin
too much hemoglobin
Orange tint skin
when eating beets, carrots or other colored foods
