Human Cells Flashcards
All human cells have:
Nucleus, Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm (cystol)
Plasma Membrane
Gatekeeper
Cholesterol
Helps keep membrane flexible
Cell Identity Protein
Help to detects self (glycoprotein)
Channel Protein
Carry’s types of ions in and out of the cell (Integral Protein)
What makes up the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
Fatty acids
Hydrophobic ( strands on the bottom of phospholipids)
Glycerol
Small bumps under phospholipid
Nucleus
Control center/ Headquarters, Double Membrane (Nuclear Envelope)
Nucleolus
Makes ribosomes
Chromatin
DNA in a non-dividing cell (turns into chromosomes when finished)
Nuclear Pores
Passage way for ribosomes to leave nucleus
Ribosomes
Makes proteins ( Building blocks amino acids)
Rough Endoplasmic Recticulum (Rough ER)
Houses ribosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)
“detoxifier of the cell”
Gogli Apparatus
“pancakes in the cell”, inspects proteins made in the cell.
What are the two parts of the Golgi Appartus
Cisternae: each pancake, Cis: closest to the rough ER, trans side: where substances are released into the cell
Mitochondria
Makes ATP, powerhouse of the cell, has a double membrane
What are the folds called in the Mitochondria?
Cristae
What are the spaces in between the folds in the Mitochondria called?
Matrix
Which cells have the most mitchondria
Muscle/liver cells
Lysosomes
“Garbage collector”, filled with enzymes to digest cell garbage
Peroxisomes
Convert the hydrogen peroxide into H202
Cytoskeleton
Gives the cell structure
What protein are microfilaments made out of?
Actin
What protein are intermediate filaments made out of?
Actin & Myosin
What are microtubules made from?
Tubulin
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
The fatty acids
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?
The phosphate/phospholipid
What type of proteins are enzymes?
Peripheral protein
