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histology > integument part 2 > Flashcards

integument part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

corneum

A

dead cells with hard protein envelope surrounded by lipids

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2
Q

lucidum

A

dead cells that have keratinohyalin
-only in thick skin

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3
Q

granulosum

A

-formation of the keratinohyalin and hard protein envelope
-llamelar bodies release lipids
-cells die and nucleus break down
-water barrier formed by lamellar bodies
-non dividing cells are filled with granules of keratin

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4
Q

spinosum

A

keratinocyte are separates

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5
Q

basal

A

site of mitosis
-have desmosomes and a basement membrane

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6
Q

langerhans cells

A

in the prickle cell layer
-macrophages

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7
Q

merkel cell

A

in the basal cell layer

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8
Q

dermis

A

connective tissue

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9
Q

water barrie

A

under karatinized cells above keratohyalin granules

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10
Q

keratinocytes

A

90% of the epidermal cells
-make keratin

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11
Q

keratin

A

fibrous protein that waterproofs skin

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12
Q

melanocytes

A

8% of the epidermal cells that make melanin
-protect karatinocyte dna from sun
-have dendrites , nucleus, rough er, golgi, mitochondrion, melanosome and granules

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13
Q

langerhans

A

come from red bone marrow that migrate to epidermis
-immune response
-dendritic phagocytic

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14
Q

merkel cells

A

least amount of these in the epidermis, deepest layer (basale)
-touch sensation
-sensory nerve endings

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15
Q

corneum

A

dead anucleated cells
-thickened cell membrane and cytoplasm filled w keratin
-20-30 layers

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16
Q

stratum spinosum

A

also has desmosomes (membrane linked by filaments)

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17
Q

stratum lucidum

A

palms and soles of feet and lips (thick skin) and fingertips
-clear flat dead cells with keratin 3-5 layers

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18
Q

flaggrin

A

protein that cross links keratin

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19
Q

dark skin

A

more melanosomes

20
Q

receptors in the dermis

A

-free nerve endings, merkel disks, krause, meissner, pacini, ruffini

21
Q

ruffini

A

heat

22
Q

pacini

A

pressure

23
Q

meissner

A

touch

24
Q

krause

A

cold

25
Q

free nerve

A

pain
-innervate basal

26
Q

apoptosis

A

phagocytosis of cell death

27
Q

corneocytes

A

terminally differentiated

28
Q

integument

A

cutaneous membrane
-16% of body weight
-.5-4mm thick (thick= heel) (thin= eyelid)

29
Q

keratinization

A

-replacing viable cells int he stratum basale with keratin protein as the cells move from the deep to the surface
-this is why friction makes a callus (build up of karatinocytes)

30
Q

dandruff

A

excess fo karatinized cells

31
Q

thin skin

A

all body but the palms, and soles
-hair

32
Q

thick skin

A

-hairless (palms and soles)

33
Q

eumelanin

A

brown to black

34
Q

pheomelanin

A

yellow to red

35
Q

nevi

A

birthmark
-chronic lesions

36
Q

melanoma

A

cancer of melanocytes

37
Q

defect on enzyme that makes malanin

A

albinism

38
Q

dermis

A

connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers

39
Q

two regions of the dermis

A

papillary region and reticular region

40
Q

papillary region

A

-below the epidermis
-has areolar connective tissue (thin collagen, elastic, dermal papillae)

41
Q

reticular region

A

dense irregular connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers, adipose, hair and nerve and oil/ sweat glands

42
Q

what region for stretch makrs (striae)

A

reticular region

43
Q

dermis functions

A

prevent dehydration and temp stability but cant heal very well

44
Q

superficial receptors

A

merkel, free nerve and meissner/ hair root plexus

45
Q

deep

A

pacinian corpuscle

46
Q

deep wound

A

dermis wound and into subcutaneous layer
-lose function and develop scar tissue

47
Q

superficial rule

A

return to normal function

histology (20 decks)

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