Chapter 3 part 1 organelles Flashcards
Double membranous organelles
Mitochondria, nucleus, er, Golgi, lysosomes, peroxisomes
Nucleus
Contain chromosomes control center, nucleoplasm, nuclear envelope, perinuclear space, nuclear pores, nuclear matrix
Er
Hollow tubes, calcium storage, lipid metabolism and protein synthesis
Golgi
Modify proteins
Lysosomes
Contain cellular digestive enzyme
PeroxiSome’s
Contain catalase break down hydrogen peroxide
chromosomes
DNA wrapped aaorund proteins called histones
histones
a protein found in chromosomes
-they bind to DNA
-give chromosomes their shape
-control the activity of genes
nucleosomes
section of DNA that is wrapped around a core of proteins
-that allows DNA to be condensed into smaller volume
chromatin
-complex of genomic DNA with proteins (histones)
-compacts genome into nucleus and also is the mechanism controlling how the genome is read out from cell to cell
cell reproduction
interphase, mitosisi (mitocersize) and cytokinesis
cytokinesis
overlaps with anaphase and telophase
interphase
-everything inside the cell is duplicated
-consists of G1, S and G2 phases
G1 phase
duplication of organelles and protein synthesis
S phase
DNA replication
G2 phase
protein synthesis
Propase
First pase of mitosis
Metaphase
2nd pase, pared chromatides line up nucleus region
Anaphase
Mitosis 3, paired chromatides more to opposite sides of the cell
Telophase
Mitosis 4, new nuclear membranes start to form
Cytokinesis
Membrane invaginates forming 2 cells, begins during anaphases ) last step of mitosis
Cell loss disorders
Aids, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s aplastic anemia, m myocardial infarction
Cell accumulation disorders
Cancer, lupus,glomerulonephritis and I viral infections
Glomerulosephritis
Kidney filter inflame
Nuclear pore
Regulate transport of protein and mRNA across envelope
